父母养育方式对中学生创造力倾向和自我效能感的影响  

The Influence of Parental Rearing Style on Students’ Creativity Tendency and Self-efficacy

作　　者：刘彩谊[1] 张惠敏[1] 张莲[1] 石娟 石国艳 陶然[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京军区总医院中国青少年心理成长基地,中国102600 [2]北京市大兴兴达中学 [3]北京市大兴兴华中学

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2013年第4期589-591,共3页China Journal of Health Psychology

摘　　要：目的考察中学生创造力倾向和自我效能感的特点及父母教养方式对二者的影响。方法采用问卷调查法对306例在校初、高中生进行研究,研究工具包括父母养育方式问卷、威廉斯创造倾向量表和自我效能感综合量表。结果女生、男生的教养方式在父亲惩罚、严厉(t=-3.55,P=0.00)和父亲拒绝、否认(t=-2.47,P=0.01)二项上差异有统计学意义,在创造力的想象力因子上二者差异有统计学意义(t=3.36,P=0.00),其余各因子男、女生得分差异不显著。初中、高中生的父母养育方式在父亲情感温暖理解(t=-2.07,P=0.04),父亲过度干涉(t=-2.57,P=0.01),父亲过度保护(t=-2.32,P=0.02),3项上差异有统计学意义。在学业自我效能感上差异有统计学意义(t=3.07,P=0.00),其余各因子在年级上差异不显著(P>0.05)。中学生父、母情感温暖分别与除想象力之外的创造性倾向和自我效能感各因子呈正相关;父、母亲的拒绝、否认与中学生的自我调节学习效能感呈负相关;父亲的过度保护与创造力总分、冒险性和好奇心呈正相关;母亲的过度干涉、过度保护与创造力倾向总分、好奇心、想象力和挑战性呈正相关,母亲的惩罚、严厉与自我调整学习呈负相关。结论父母教养方式对中学生的创造力倾向和自我效能感有重要影响。Objective To investigate the characteristic of students＇ creativity tendency,self-efficacy and parental rearing style＇s influence on them. Methods A total of 306 middle school students were tested by means of Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran （EMBU） ,Creativity Assessment Packet（CAP）and Self-efficacy integrated Scale（SEIS）. Results Average scores of male students were significant higher than those of female student＇ in father＇s stern punishment （t =-3.55,P= 0.00）, father＇s refusal disaffirm （t =-2.47, P = 0. 01 ）, but significant lower in imaginative power （t=- 3.36, P = 0. 00）. There were significant differences between the junior school students＇ group and the senior high school students＇ group in father＇s emotional warmth （t =-2.07,P= 0. 04）, father＇s exorbitant interference （t =-2.57, P = 0.01 ）, father＇s overprotection （t=-2.32, P = 0.02） and academic self-efficacy （t = 3.07,P= 0.00）. Middle school students＇ parents＇ emotional warmth demonstrated a significantly positive correlation with creativi- ty tendency （except imagination）and self-efficacy,parents＇ refusal disaffirm were negatively correlated with self-efficacy for self reg- ulated learning; Fathert overproteetion had a significantly positive correlation with creativity＇s total, adventure and curiosity; Mother＇s overprotection showed a significantly positive correlation with creativity＇s total, curiosity, imaginative and challenge; Mothers＇ stern punishment was negatively correlated with self-efficacy for self regulated learning. Conclusion Parental rearing style play important role in creativity tendency and self-efficacy of middle school students.

关 键 词：创造力倾向 父母教养方式 一般自我效能感 学业自我效能感 自我调节学习效能感 

分 类 号：R395.5[哲学宗教—心理学]