不同参数组合超声波预处理对切花月季‘萨蔓莎’保鲜效果的影响  

Influence of Preservation Effect in Cut Rose Samansha Under Ultrasonic Pretreatment with Different Parameter Combinations

作　　者：安晓芹[1,2] 贺文婷[2,3] 郭维明[2] 宁世华[2,4] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095 [3]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100094 [4]南京市园林实业总公司,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《北方园艺》2013年第6期139-142,共4页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30070540)

摘　　要：以瓶插寿命、鲜重变化为指标,以频率、功率与处理时间为参数,研究比较了不同组合超声波预处理对切花月季的保鲜效果。结果表明:适宜参数组合的超声波预处理促进了瓶插前期花枝鲜重的增加并抑制了后期鲜重的降低,延长了切花寿命;低频(25 000Hz)超声波预处理保鲜效果优于高频(40 000Hz);2种频率处理时,70 W均为最佳功率,100 W均不利于保鲜;25 000Hz频率的各处理中,除40W外,在60min范围内随处理时间的延长,保鲜效果基本呈递增趋势;超声波对切花月季‘萨蔓莎’的最佳预处理组合为:25 000Hz、70W、60min,预处理后切花寿命延长了1.5d;超声波预处理过程对水介质会产生热效应,低频较高频、高功率较低功率增温效应强;玻璃介质不影响超声波预处理作用。超声波可应用于鲜切花采后预处理环节,但处理参数需进行筛选。Vase life and fresh weight as the indices to compare the preservation effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on cut rose with different combinations of frequency, power and treatment time. The results showed that suitable parameter combination of ultrasonic pretreatment could increase fresh weight at the early stage of vase holding, and inhibit its decreasing during the later period,and prolong vase life. View the general conclusions as a whole, flesh-keeping effect of low frequency（25 000 Hz） was better than high frequency（40 000 Hz）,under these two frequencies,70 watt always was the best power, and 100 watt was opposite; under 25 000 Hz, preservation effect of all treatments except 40 watt treatment presented basically an increasing trend which followed treatment time during 60 rain;the best pretreatment of ultrasonic wave was 25 000 Hz,70 W,60 rain,the vase life of cut rose was prolonged 1.5 days. Ultrasonic wave would produce thermal effect in the medium during pretreatment,the heat increased effect of low frequency was stronger than high frequency,and high power stronger than low power. Glass used as medium did not affect preservation effect of ultrasonic wave. So the ultrasonic wave could be applied to pretreatment in postharvest on cut flower, but the pretreatment parameter of which should be screened.

关 键 词：切花月季 超声波预处理 参数 瓶插品质 介质 温度 

分 类 号：S685.120.93[农业科学—观赏园艺]