新博物馆学运动的姊妹馆——生态博物馆与社区博物馆辨析  

Two Museum Forms Under the New Museology Movement: A Comparative Study of Eco-museums and Community Museums

作　　者：吕建昌[1] 严啸[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学历史系,上海200444

出　　处：《东南文化》2013年第1期111-116,127-128,共6页Southeast Culture

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(09BTQ032);国家文物局文物保护科学和技术研究课题(20090114)的部分成果之一

摘　　要：生态博物馆和社区博物馆作为新博物馆学运动的代表,以其突破传统博物馆窠臼的实验性,顺应了时代发展的潮流。尽管两者与传统博物馆之间的差异在理论上已经可以明确区分,但对于两者之间相互区别的比较研究却极少,因而出现了一些学者将两者的概念彼此混同的现象。生态博物馆与社区博物馆之间既有共性,又有差异:前者的社会功能主要体现在对自然生态和人文生态整体保护,概念范围包含了自然生态和人文社会生态两层内涵;而后者的功能主要体现在着力关心和解决当下社区的现实问题,很少涉及到自然环境与自然遗产方面,其概念范围有广义和狭义之分。活态性、原真性和民主性是两者的共性。Eeo-museums and community museums are two representative museum forms derived from the New Museology. They are not restricted with the limitation that traditional museums have and are both coping well with social development. While their differences from traditional museums have been examined, comparative studies on these two museum forms have been rarely conducted, which has caused the confusion on the two concepts. Eco-museums and community museums share some common features but enjoy their respective characteristics as well. While eco-museums focus on the integral protection of both natural and humanity ecologies, community museums attend to the local community and its development with little attention on natural and environmental heritage. Living presentation, authenticity and democracy are the features they share in common.

关 键 词：生态博物馆 社区博物馆 新博物馆学 辨析 

分 类 号：G260[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]