贵州习水红苗体部体质特征  

Physical traits in the body of Xishui red Miao nationality in Guizhou

作　　者：喻晓丹[1] 陈开琴[1] 蒋贵川[1] 韦照红[1] 

机构地区：[1]遵义师范学院生物系,遵义563002

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2013年第1期84-86,94,共4页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

基　　金：遵义师范学院遵义区域经济研究中心项目（ZE201011）

摘　　要：目的：了解习水县红苗成人体部体质特征，比较分析该苗族族群男、女体质特征及其与其他13个民族族群的差异性，了解其亲缘关系，为我国苗族体质人类学研究积累资料。方法：采用体质特征测量法对357例成年人（男性173例,女性184例）进行活体测量，运用SPSS13.0统计软件进行数据处理。结果：习水红苗19项体部体质特征中除坐高、上臂长、手宽、大腿长外，15项指标男、女性间差异存在统计学意义；在习水红苗的10项体部指数中，身高手长指数男、女间差异存在统计学意义，其他9项指数性别差异无统计学意义；习水红苗男、女性均属矮型身材。习水良村红苗男性与仁怀后山苗族、云南佤族、勐腊克木族、怒江怒族、西藏察隅僜人、周覃布依族、云南贡山独龙族、云南金平莽人体质特征最接近，与西藏米林珞巴族、广西京族、伊宁乌孜别克族、伊犁哈萨克族有一定差异，与错那门巴族差异较大，与仫佬族差异最大。习水良村红苗女性与其他族群均有较大差异，与仫佬族差异最大。结论：习水红苗不仅具有我国典型南方人体型特征，而且具有本民族的特点。Objective： To understand the physical traits in the adult body of Xishui red Miao nationality in Guizhou, to analyze the traits between male and female, and to compare differences of Miao with the other 13 ethnics for the genetic relationship of them. All these works were accumulating data for the physical anthropology research of Miao in China. Methods. Measure- ments of the somatoscopy and anthropometry traits in the body of Miao adults were carried out in 357 people （173 males and 184 females）, and data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0. Results： Apart from the sitting height, the upper arm length, hand length, thigh length in the 19 body physical traits indices of Xishui red Miao, the remaining 15 indices between male and fe- male had a great significant difference or significant difference （P〈0. 01 or P〈0. 05）. The height and arm length in the 10 indices between male and female had a significant difference （P〈0. 05）, but the other 9 indices had no significant difference between the male and female （P〈0. 05）. All the male and female of red Miao belong to the hypermicrosoma. Conclusion： The male physical characters of red Miao in Liangcun township of Xishui were closest to Miao of Housan township in Renhuai of Guizhou, the Va ethnic in Yunnan, the Kemu ethnic in Mengla county, the Nu ethnic in Nujiang county, the Deng people in Chayu district of Tibet, the Bouyei ethnic in Zhouqin, the Drung ethnic in Gongshan country of Yunnan and the Mang people in Jin- ping county of Yurmar~ The male physical characters of red Miao in Liangcun township of Xishui had some degree of difference with the Lhoba people in Milin county of Tibet, the Jing people in Guangxi, the Ozbek people in YMng and the Kazak people in Erie; had a significant difference with the Moinba people in Cuona; and had the greatest difference with the Mulao people. The female physical characters of red Miao in Liangeun township of Xishui had a significant difference with the other 13 national ethnics, and had the most significant d

关 键 词：习水红苗 体部 体质特征 活体测量 

分 类 号：R153.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]