潮汐河口长航道乘潮问题研究  

On riding high tide level in a long waterway at a tidal estuary

作　　者：徐元 黄志扬 龚鸿锋 

机构地区：[1]中交上海航道勘察设计研究院有限公司,上海200120

出　　处：《水运工程》2013年第A01期183-188,共6页Port & Waterway Engineering

摘　　要：针对潮汐河口长航道乘潮计算的潮位资料代表性问题，提出了潮汐河口乘潮水位的多站联合计算法。该方法利用多站同步潮位资料，综合考虑船舶通航方式与潮波传播速度等因素，可合理计算潮汐河口乘潮水位。长江口深水航道的有关计算表明，相同乘潮历时和累积频率对应的乘潮水位，进河口大于沿程单站的乘潮水位，且明显大于出河口。潮汐河口长航道设计，应根据当地河口的潮汐性质、强度及其与径流的对比，以及船舶航行的特点包括航速、进出港载货情况和航道沿程水深，确定合理的乘潮方式，即选择合适的航道乘潮长度。In order to improve the representativeness of data for the calculation of riding high tides in a long waterway at a tidal estuary, this paper presents the multi-station combined method for the calculation. Based on multi-station simultaneous tidal data, and taking the navigational mode, tidal wave propagation and other factors into account, this method can get a reasonable result of riding high tide level in a tidal estuarine waterway. The calculation based on Yangtze Estuary deepwater channel shows that, at the same tide-riding duration and cumulative relative frequency, the riding high tide level needed for a ship to sail into the estuary is bigger than that at a single station alongside, and esp. significantly bigger than that when the ship moving out. The design of a long navigational channel at a tidal estuary should identify a reasonable tide-riding mode according to the nature and strength of tides at local estuary and their comparison with run-off, the characteristics of ships＇ navigation such as speed, sailing in/out with/without load, and depths along the channel, i.e. to define a suitable tide-riding length of the channel accordingly.

关 键 词：潮汐河口 潮波传播 多站联合计算 虚拟潮位站 乘潮水位 

分 类 号：P731.23[天文地球—海洋科学]