各国新车评价规程(NCAP)测试评价技术的现状与发展  

Status and development tendency of the test and assessment technique of the NCAP in different countries

作　　者：刘玉光[1] 刘志新[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国汽车技术研究中心

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2013年第1期16-22,共7页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

摘　　要：近年来,随着各国路况变化和安全技术的提升,原有的"新车评价规程(NCAP)"评价体系对于汽车安全性的区分度一直在降低;为此,各国不断地更新着各自的NCAP测试项目和评价规程。本文分析了各国NCAP的历史、基本特点和发展趋势。从试验形态、碰撞速度、假人安放、评价指标等角度,比对了正面碰撞、侧面碰撞、翻滚试验、主动安全辅助装置以及总体评价等。结果表明:主动安全技术将更强,评价项目更全面,汽车安全标准更严格,将未来的NCAP评价体系,呈现全球化、统一化的趋势。因此,为应对更苛刻的汽车安全技术标准,汽车制造商应进行前瞻性地研究。这些结果可为修订中国的NCAP——C-NCAP提供参考。Test items and protocols of NCAP （New Car Assessment Program） assessment systems in many countries are upgraded accordingly recent years, since road-condition varieties and safety-technology advances have been decreasing the discrimination abilities of vehicle safety performance by the initial NCAP systems. This paper discusses the history, basic characteristics and the present status of the NCAP of some countries and points out the development tendency. Some primary test items such as the frontal impact, side impact, rollover test, active safety assistance and overall assessment were analyzed from the angles of the test form, impact velocity, dummy positioning and assessment criteria. The results show that active-safety technology will be further strengthened, with test items being more comprehensive and rigorous and different NCAP rating systems being globalized and normalized in the future. Therefore, manufactures should perform prospective study to meet more critical vehicle-safety standards. These results can provide references for upgrading the protocols of C-NCAP, the NCAP in China.

关 键 词：汽车安全 碰撞试验 新车评价规程(NCAP) 评价体系 

分 类 号：U467.14[机械工程—车辆工程]