针刺速度对动力锂离子电池安全性的影响  

Influence of penetration speeds on power Li-ion-cell’s safety performance

作　　者：刘仕强[1] 王芳[1] 樊彬[1] 张振鼎[1] 裴峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国汽车技术研究中心 [2]江西省电力科学研究院

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2013年第1期82-86,共5页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

基　　金：国家"八六三"高技术项目(2011AA11A286);国家电网公司资助项目(无编号)

摘　　要：动力电池的安全性是制约其在电动汽车上使用的关键因素。电池的内部短路是影响动力电池安全的重要原因。在机械滥用试验中经常采用针刺试验来模拟内部短路。本文参照中国汽车行业标准《电动汽车用锂离子蓄电池》,以圆柱型和软包两款磷酸铁锂体系动力电池为研究对象,采用直径为3mm的耐高温钢针,以不同的穿刺速度进行针刺试验,分析试验过程中电池电压和表面温度的变化,研究不同针刺速度对电池安全性的影响。试验结果表明:针刺速度对圆柱型电池的针刺安全性影响较小,而软包电池随着针刺速度的提高,热失控的可能性提高。Power-battery safety performance is a key factor in electric vehicle applications. The inner short- circuit is a root cause of battery safety issues, which is usually simulated by nail-penetration tests in the mechanical abuse tests. This paper studies the influence of nail-penetration speeds on the power battery safety performance. Two types of lithium iron phosphate （LFP） ion batteries, cylindrical cells and soft-package cells, were tested referring the standard of ＂Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicle＂ for vehicle industries in China. The nail-penetration tests were conducted at different nail-penetration speeds for nails, which can bear high-temperature, with a diameter of 3 ram. The cell voltage and the surface temperature were monitored and analyzed to reflect the influence of different nail speeds on the safety performance. The results show that the nail-penetration speeds have low impact on the cylindrical cells compared with that on the soft-package cells. As for the soft-package cells, the thermal run away becomes more serious with increasing nail speeds.

关 键 词：电动汽车 安全性 动力电池 内部短路 针刺速度 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]