压电叠堆泵及混合驱动器的设计  

Design of Piezostack Pump and Hydraulic Linear Actuator

作　　者：黄成志[1] 裘进浩[1] 季宏丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机械结构力学及控制国家重点实验室,江苏南京210016

出　　处：《力学季刊》2013年第1期1-7,共7页Chinese Quarterly of Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(50830201);长江学者和创新团队发展计划(IRT0968);国家自然科学基金中美合作与交流项目(51161120326)

摘　　要：压电叠堆泵是一种以压电叠堆作为驱动元件的小型泵。压电叠堆本身输出力大且响应快,但自身变形极小无法满足同时需要高驱动力和大位移的场合。为了解决这个问题,人们提出了一种液压传动和压电驱动技术相结合的压电叠堆泵驱动器的混合驱动系统,以期获得较大的运动行程和驱动力,将压电泵输出与液压缸相连便组成了一个基本的混合驱动器。以此压电叠堆泵作核心的混合驱动器有望被应用在飞机自适应后缘结构和无人飞行器的操作舵面上。介绍了压电叠堆泵及混合驱动器的设计和性能测试,分析了泵的腔体、薄膜厚度、活塞直径、单向阀类型对流量、输出压力、液压缸的力输出的影响。加工的实验样机在0～200Hz的工作频率范围内完成测试,泵的最大输出流量350ml/min,最大输出压力为500kPa。使用16mm液压缸直线驱动器的最大输出力95N,最大伸长速度19mm/s。A compact piezohydralic pump with passive valves and a hybrid linear actuator was developed. To utilize piezostack mechanisms in hydraulic actuator and other aerospace applications, the major barrier was observed to be the small stroke of the piezostack, a piezohydraulic linear actuator was developed to solve this problem. The concept of piezohydraulic actuation is to transfer the reciprocate small stroke dis- placement of piezoceramics into unidirectional motion of hydraulic cylinder. The piezoelectric hydraulic pump utilizes a piezoelectric stack as driving component to generate high output pressure. A prototype pump was manufactured. The output performances of the piezoelectric hydraulic actuator, including flow rate, pressure, maximum block force, etc. were measured. The results show that the performances de- pend on the stroke of piezoelectric stack, pump chamber size, diaphragm deformation, performance of check valves, operating voltage, and driving frequency, etc. A maximum output pressure of 500 kPa was measured when using a 150 Vpp sinusoidal drive voltage and a maximum flow rate of 350ml/min was a- chieved during frequency 0~300 Hz. The actuator can drive at a maximum speed of 19 mm/s without ex- ternal load and generate a blocked force of 95 N when a standard hydraulic cylinder of 16 mm is used. This hybrid actuator is expected to be used in aircraft adaptive structures. This type of piezoelectric pumps canbe used as the localized hydraulic sources of hydraulic control systems and have potential applications in the fly-by-wire systems of unmanned aircraft.

关 键 词：压电叠堆 压电液压泵 液压直线驱动器 液压缸 薄膜 

分 类 号：TH137.51[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TN384[电子电信—物理电子学]