城市河岸带土地利用和景观格局变化的生态环境效应研究--以北京市典型再生水补水河流河岸带为例  

Ecological and Environmental Effect of Changes of Land Use and Landscape Pattern of Urban Riparian Zone—A Case Study on Riparian Zones of Typical Rivers Replenished with Recycled Water in Beijing

作　　者：赵霏[1,2,3] 郭逍宇[1,2,3] 赵文吉[1,2,3] 刘克[4] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048 [2]北京市城市环境过程与数字模拟重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,北京100048 [3]资源环境与地理信息系统北京市重点实验室,北京100048 [4]国家测绘地理信息局卫星测绘应用中心,北京100830

出　　处：《湿地科学》2013年第1期100-107,共8页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40901281)资助

摘　　要：以北京市典型再生水利用河流(清河、北小河、坝河和通惠河)及其流域为主要研究对象,利用1989年、2000年和2008年3期LandsatTM数据,借助于土地利用类型特征参数、景观聚集度、景观斑块密度等指标,在流域和河岸带尺度上,分析1989～2008年研究区土地利用变化的多尺度时空分异特征及其变化轨迹。基于流域尺度的分析结果表明,土地利用类型面积的变化主要为城乡建设用地增加和林地减少;与1989～2000年间相比,2000～2008年的研究区土地利用变化率相对减小。基于河岸带尺度的分析结果表明,1989～2008年期间,因城市化发展导致沟渠、库塘等水域面积减小;耕地主要分布在100～500m河岸缓冲带范围内;城乡建设用地主要集中分布在500～800m河岸缓冲带范围内,城乡建设用地由1989～2000年间的分散扩张转变为2000～2008年间的有序优化整合,扩张范围趋向远离河道的河岸缓冲带区域;2000～2008年间,新增林地密集分布在100～200m和700～800m河岸缓冲带区域。内河流域生态廊道功能主要体现在沿河道200m的河岸缓冲带范围内,以再生水为补充水源的高度人工化的城市内河流域生态廊道效应在增强。Land use and landscape pattern changes have been affecting the structure and function of ecological system,especially in the process of urbanization development.In this study,the typical city river supplied with reclaimed water （Qinghe River,Beixiaohe River,Bahe River and Tonghuihe River） and their watersheds were selected as study area and land use data from 1989 to 2008 were obtained from Landsat TM remote sensing images.Some technologies of landscape ecology and geographic information were selected for data analyzing.The spatial and temporal characteristics,tracks of land use and landscape pattern changes were analyzed by land use dynamic index,aggregation index and pitch density respectively at both watershed scale andriparian zone scale from 1989 to 2008.The results showed that the increase of the urban and rural construction land and the decrease of forest land were found based on the results of watershed scale.Compared with land use change in the period of 1989-2000,the change rates of land use during 2000-2008 reduced obviously according to the land use dynamic index.Based on riparian zone scale,the results showed that urbanization development result in the decrease of water area such as ditch and library pond during 1989-2008.Cultivated land has been mainly distributed within the scope of 100-500 m buffer zone,which indicated that the distribution pattern of cultivated land was influenced by water resources.On the other hand,urban and rural construction land mainly were distributed within the scope of 500-800 m buffer zone,which indicated the distribution of urban and rural construction land was dispersion expansion during 1989-2000 and translated to the orderly integration during 2000-2008.The expansion range of urban and rural construction land tend to away from the buffer zone of riparian zone,which suggested that the interference strength of land use planning has increased and the means of interference became orderly in the urbanization process.During 2000-2008,new forest land was distributed int

关 键 词：城市河岸带 土地利用 景观聚集度 斑块密度 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]