基于3D TPS空间插值的中国降水量空间分布响  

Spatial distribution of precipitation in China based on 3D TPS interpolation

作　　者：杜国明[1] 曾志芳[2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室,广东广州510275 [2]中山大学图书馆,广东广州510275

出　　处：《草业科学》2013年第2期155-160,共6页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2011370003161401);国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目(2011CB707103);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2012AA121402);国家自然科学基金(40971210)

摘　　要：常用的空间插值模型通常仅考虑地理位置坐标而忽略高程值,针对这一不足,本研究以中国年均降水量空间分布为例,将高程值作为重要的自变量因子用于三维薄板样条(3DTPS)模型的空间插值,旨在减少因高程值变化较大造成的影响,提高空间数据插值精度。基于Visual Basic.Net和ArcGIS Engine二次开发工具,通过提取中国数字高程模型(DEM)图中的高程值以及中国气象站分布图中气象站的地理坐标和年均降水量,再以DEM图中的格网为模板,用3DTPS模型进行空间插值,得到中国年均降水量空间分布图。最后,与其他不同模型进行对比分析,证明3DTPS的插值精度最高,标准误差为113.95,尤其在高程值变化较大的区域优势明显。Common spatial interpolation models usually only consider the geographical coordinates,but elevation values are not taken into account.Three-dimensional thin plate spline model（3D TPS）,in which the elevation values were treated as one of important independent variable factors,was applied in the research on the spatial interpolation of annual precipitation in China in this paper in order to improve the interpolation precision and reduce the error which was produced by the great elevation changes.The control of ArcGIS Engine was used as a secondary development tool based on Visual Basic.Net language.The elevation values were extracted from China digital elevation model（DEM）.The geographical coordinates and annual precipitation values were extracted from spatial distribution map of meteorological stations.Then,the DEM map was used as a template and each grid point was interpolated with 3D TPS model so that the spatial distribution map of annual precipitation in China was produced.Finally,after the analysis and comparison of different interpolation models,it is concluded that the 3D TPS model has the highest interpolation precision（standard deviation is 113.95） and obvious advantages especially applied in the areas with great topographic relief.

关 键 词：三维薄板样条函数 插值 降水量 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]