人及大鼠基底神经节的三维重构及形态比较  

THREE DIMENSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION AND COMPARATIVE STUDY ON HUMAN AND RAT BASAL GANGLIA

作　　者：陈立南[1] 徐群渊[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京医科大学解剖学系,北京100083 [2]首都医科大学北京神经科学研究所,北京100054

出　　处：《神经解剖学杂志》2000年第3期217-221,共5页Chinese Journal of Neuroanatomy

基　　金："九五"国家重点科技攻关资助项目!( No. 96-75 0 -0 1-0 1-65 )

摘　　要：利用计算机三维重构技术建立了人及大鼠基底神经节的三维数字化模型 ,并对两者的形态及核团构成进行了比较解剖学研究。在微型计算机上 ,提取人脑及大鼠脑立体定位图谱中含有基底神经节的连续层面 ,利用通用的三维建模及动画软件 3 DStudio MAX,以三维放样的方法 ,在我国首次建立人及大鼠基底神经节的核团及纤维传导通路的三维数字模型 ,对人及大鼠的基底神经节进行了比较解剖学研究。并利用重构的三维模型建立虚拟现实文件 ,在神经解剖学研究中引入浏览器虚拟现实技术 ,实现了任意拆分、组装及旋转上述核团的功能。本研究显示 ,无论在形态上还是在毗邻关系上 ,人与大鼠的基底神经节的差异不大 ;由于人的直立而导致脑干吻尾轴旋转了一定角度 ,其内部核团的相互毗邻关系也随之发生变化 ,从而异于大鼠基底神经节内部核团的毗邻关系 ;基底神经节各个核团间的投射纤维以尽可能短的路径到达靶核团的相应区域 ,构成了拓扑投射关系的基础。We reconstructed and compared 3D digital models of basal ganglia of human and rat. After selecing the sections containing basal ganglia from sterotoxic atlases of human and rat, 3D digital model of basal ganglia of human and rat was reconstructed by using general purpose 3D modeling and animation software 3D Studio MAX and its 3D loft function. Several modification processes were done then to make the digital model more smooth. The 3D digital models of basal ganglia of human and rat were successfully constructed and the comparative neuroanatomy study was conducted. The virtual reality technics was then introduced into this study, using internet browser, digitalized basal ganglia could be rotated, detached and resembled arbitrarily. Our study showed: (1) No matter on their morohology or their components, there were little differeces. (2) Due to orthostatism, the rostro caudal axis of human brain was rotated with certain angle, as the result, the relative positions among nuclei of human basal ganglia did differ from that of rat. (3) The projection fibers arrived the correspoding part of their target nuclei with the shortest way, which might become the basis of the basal ganglia intrinsic topological projection.

关 键 词：三维重构 基底神经节 解剖学 虚拟现实 人 大鼠 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]