汉语中的认识立场标记“要我说”及相关格式  

The Epistemic Stance Marker Yào wǒ shuō in Chinese

作　　者：张金圈[1] 唐雪凝[1] 

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学国际文化交流学院

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2013年第2期202-213,共12页Chinese Teaching in the World

基　　金：山东省社科规划项目"面向对外汉语教学的汉语特殊构式研究"(10BXJ10);"曲阜师范大学科研启动基金";曲阜师范大学校级科研项目"汉语北方官话能性模态助词‘了’及相关结构的比较研究"(XJ201148)资助

摘　　要：汉语中存在一套成系统的标记主观认识立场的语言形式,"要我说"即是其中使用频率较高的一员。它经常出现在互动性的对话语篇中,其上文经常存在若干现有的观点或对话者的提问,说话人用"要我说"提出对立的观点或就提问进行回答;其下文可以是说话者就某事物的主观认知、评价或建言。"要我说"来源于使役性兼语小句,是在礼貌原则的促动下经由结构减缩、功能固化而来的,其词汇化过程中的语义演变有一种交互主观性弱化的趋势,与前人提出的交互主观化斜坡方向不太一致。作为汉语认识立场标记系统的一员,"要我说"与其他标记形式存在一定的差异。Abstract This article explores an epistemic stance marker yao wo shuo（要我说） which frequently occurs in interactive conversations in Chinese. There are often a number of existing ide-as or questions from other interlocutors in the pretext, and ydto wo shuo is employed by the speaker to put forward totally opposite view or give reply to the questions and what is followed is the speak- er＇ s subjective cognition, assessments or suggestions, ydto wo shuo is derived from the causative pivotal clause which means ＇ allow me to say it＇ , and, as the result of structural contraction and fixation of function abiding by the principle of politeness, the lexiealization of ydo wo shuo, impl- ying a tendency of weakening inter-subjectivity which is not in agreement with the inter-subjectiv- ization eline suggested by Traugott ＆ Dasher（2002）. It also makes a comparison between yao wo shuo and other epistemie stance markers in Chinese.

关 键 词：认识立场标记 “要我说” 交互主观化 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]