氨基脲在栉孔扇贝体内的生物富集与消除规律  

Research on accumulation and elimination of semicarbazide in Chlamys farreri

作　　者：徐英江[1,2] 田秀慧[1,2] 任传博 于召强 宫向红[1,2] 刘慧慧[1,2] 刘义豪[1,2] 刘云[4] 张秀珍[1,2] 张利民[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省海洋水产研究所,山东烟台264006 [2]山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室,山东烟台264006 [3]烟台山水海产有限公司,山东烟台264006 [4]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306

出　　处：《水产学报》2013年第3期443-449,共7页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(200805031);山东省科学技术发展计划(2012GHY11517));泰山学者岗位资助

摘　　要：采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法进行了氨基脲在栉孔扇贝闭壳肌、外套膜与鳃、消化盲囊不同组织中生物富集和消除规律的研究。在所研究的3个组织中,随海水中氨基脲浓度的增加,蓄积量逐渐增加。消化盲囊富集最高值最大,富集能力最强,而且表现出最快的平均消除速度。栉孔扇贝各组织对氨基脲的富集作用:消化盲囊>外套膜和鳃>闭壳肌;且各组织中氨基脲含量与曝污浓度呈正相关。氨基脲主要富集在栉孔扇贝的消化盲囊及外套膜和鳃中,闭壳肌中含量较少。栉孔扇贝各组织对氨基脲的消除作用:闭壳肌>外套膜和鳃>消化盲囊,但在高浓度条件下,闭壳肌也要经过一段时间的净化,氨基脲含量才能降低至0.50μg/kg以下。采用DAS 2.0药物代谢动力学参数计算程序,处理曝污后栉孔扇贝体内的氨基脲含量-时间数据,计算有关药物动力学参数。结果发现各组织药物浓度-时间曲线下面积(AUC)相差较大,说明组织不同,对药物的蓄积能力有所差别。以20.0μg/L浓度为例,经42 d消除试验后,闭壳肌(5.94μg/kg)、外套膜与鳃(9.87μg/kg)及消化盲囊(15.81μg/kg)中均有氨基脲存在,且远高于规定值,各组织氨基脲消除率逐渐降低,依次为91.3%、90.0%、89.6%。在本试验条件下,氨基脲在1.0、5.0和20.0μg/L浓度下连续曝污8 d后,消除期分别定为15、50和70 d;并且水温高时可适当缩短消除期,水温低时可适当延长消除期。Accumulation and elimination of semicarbazide （SEM）in adductor, mantle and gill, digestive diverticula of Chlamys farreri were studied using ultra performance liquid chromatogram tandem mass spectrometry under laboratory conditions in this work. The Chlamys farreri was divided randomly, then exposed to seawater containing 1.0 μg/L,5.0 μg/L and 20.0 μg/L SEM for 8 d at（ 14 ± 2） ℃. With the increase of SEM concentration in seawater,the accumulation amount in three various tissues was increased. The digestive diverticula has the maximum of the biggest concentration （Cmax）, average elimination speed and the greatest accumulation ability of SEM. The accumulation capability was as follows： digestive diverticula 〉 mantle and gill 〉 adductor; and the accumulation amount increased with the addition of SEM concentration in seawater, presenting significantly positive correlation. SEM was accumulated mainly in digestive diverticula and mantle and gill, and the content of SEM in adductor was relatively lower. The elimination capability was as follows ： adductor 〉 mantle and gill 〉 digestive diverticula; but the SEM content in adductor could be reduced to less than 0.50 μg/kg after a period of purification at higher concentration. DAS 2.0 pharmacokinetic parameter calculation program was used to process SEM content-time data and to calculate the relevant pharmacokinetic parameters. The results indicated that area under concentration-time curve（AUC） differed greatly in the three tissues and the tissues had different accumulation capability. For example,in the concentration of 20.0 μg/L, the content of SEM in adductor, mantle and gill, digestive diverticula was 5.94 μg/kg,9.87 μg/kg and 15.81 μg/kg respectively after 42 d elimination experiment, which were also much higher than the specified values. When C. farreri was bred in clean seawater,the SEM accumulated in the body was eliminated significantly. The excretion rate in adductor, mantle and gill, digestive diverticula was 91.3% ,90.0% ,

关 键 词：栉孔扇贝 氨基脲 富集 消除 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法 

分 类 号：X292[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]