基于二元件ISD结构隔振机理的车辆被动悬架设计与性能研究  

Design and performance study of vehicle passive suspension based on two-element inerter-spring-damper structure vibration isolation mechanism

作　　者：陈龙[1] 杨晓峰[1] 汪若尘[1] 黄晨[1] 沈钰杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,镇江212013

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2013年第6期90-95,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50905078);教育部博士点基金项目(20093227110013);江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划(CXZZ11_0579)

摘　　要：二元件ISD串并联结构是组成被动机械网络的基础单元,通过在单自由度系统中振动响应特性和系统参数影响的讨论,研究二元件ISD结构振动控制的隔振机理,提出二元件串并联结构的理想匹配关系和悬架结构设计的一般方法,由此设计出车辆被动ISD悬架结构,建立四分之一悬架模型,采用多目标遗传算法优化被动机械元件的参数,参照相应标准以加权车身加速度、悬架动行程和轮胎动载荷均方根值为指标,对比研究所设计的被动ISD悬架结构的工作性能。仿真结果表明,所设计的车辆被动ISD悬架结构与传统被动悬架相比,在悬架动行程均方根值基本一致的前提下,其加权车身加速度和轮胎动载荷均方根值能同时得到改善,并且有效降低了低频段车身共振偏频处各项指标的功率谱密度峰值,说明所设计的悬架结构可有效改善车辆的乘适性和安全性。Two-element inerter-spring-damper （ISD） series-parallel structures are the basic units compnsing a passive mechanical network. According to the discussions about vibration response characteristics and system parameter＇s influences on a single degree of freedom system, the vibration isolation mechanism of two-element ISD structures was researched. The ideal matching relationship in two-element series-parallel structures and the general method of suspension structure design were presented. Following the method, the vehicle passive ISD suspension structure was designed, and a quarter-car suspension model was built. A multi-objective genetic algorithm was used to optimize the passive mechanical elements＇ parameters. By reference to corresponding standards, taking the weighted body acceleration, suspension working space and dynamic tyre loads＇ root-mean-square values as objective indices, the working performances of designed passive ISD suspensions were analyzed. Simulation results indicate that, comparing with conventional passive suspension, under the condition of the same RMS value of suspension working space the RMS values of weighted body acceleration and dynamic tyre loads of the vehicle installed with the designed passive ISD suspension can be improved simultaneously. In the low frequency band, the peak values of power spectral density of all indices are decreased at the offset frequency of body resonance. The results show that the designed vehicle suspension can effectively improve ride comfort and safety.

关 键 词：车辆悬架 惯容器 振动 优化 

分 类 号：U463.33[机械工程—车辆工程]