云计算数据中心的新能源应用:研究现状与趋势  

Leveraging Renewable Energy in Cloud Computing Datacenters: State of the Art and Future Research

作　　者：邓维[1] 刘方明[1] 金海[1] 李丹[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学计算机科学与技术学院服务计算技术与系统教育部重点实验室集群与网格计算湖北省重点实验室,武汉430074 [2]清华大学计算机科学与技术系,北京100084

出　　处：《计算机学报》2013年第3期582-598,共17页Chinese Journal of Computers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"基于虚拟化技术的数据中心多维资源整合和全局能效优化研究"(61103176);国家自然科学基金重点项目"大型数据中心的低能耗可扩展理论与关键技术"(61133006);教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20110142120079)资助~~

摘　　要：随着大规模云计算数据中心在全球范围内的广泛部署,其高能耗、高费用、高污染等问题日益突出.为了节能减排,越来越多的云服务商尝试利用绿色新能源,像太阳能或风能,为其数据中心供电.然而,不同于稳定供电的传统电网,新能源往往具有不稳定性、间歇性和随时变化等特点,这使得新能源在数据中心中的高效可靠应用面临诸多新挑战.本文剖析了新能源应用的机遇与挑战,回答了为什么、何时、何地及如何在云计算数据中心利用新能源.从绿色数据中心现状与新评价标准、新能源产电模型与预测机制、绿色数据中心能源配额规划、数据中心内负载调度机制、跨区域云数据中心间负载均衡机制五个关键方面,对新能源在云计算数据中心应用的最新研究成果进行分类、对比与总结,并展望了未来研究趋势.With the wide deployment of cloud computing datacenters, the problems of tremen- dous power consumption, high operational cost and serious environmental pollution have become increasingly prominent. To reduce power cost and carbon footprint, an increasing number of cloud service providers attempt to power their datacenters with green or renewable energy sources, such as solar or wind. However, different from the stable supply of traditional grid power, the uncertain, intermittent and variable nature of renewable energy incurs many new challenges to realize such efficient and reliable green dataeenters. By exploring new research chal- lenges involved in managing the use of renewable energy in datacenters, this paper seeks to answer why, when, where and how to leverage renewable energy in dataeenters. Specifically, from five key perspectives, including sustainable datacenter current situation and new metric, renew-able energy production model and prediction method, green datacenters capacity planning, intra- datacenter workload scheduling, and geographically distributed inter-dataeenter load balancing,we provide a taxonomy, comparison and peroration of the latest research in applying green energy in cloud datacenters, and further sheds light on the future research trend.

关 键 词：新能源 云计算 绿色数据中心 预测模型 作业调度 负载均衡 绿色计算 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]