一株禾谷镰刀菌拮抗菌株的筛选及鉴定  

Screening and identification of a bacterial strain with antagonistic activity to wheat Fusarium graminearum

作　　者：胡元森[1] 朱明杰[1] 宇光海[1] 王肖肖[1] 李翠香[1] 陈亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学生物工程学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2013年第2期234-239,共6页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：河南省教育厅自然科学基金项目(2010B180008);郑州市科技发展计划项目(2001NYXM224)

摘　　要：【目的】筛选对禾谷镰刀菌具有高拮抗活性的微生物菌株,探索小麦赤霉病的生物防治方法。【方法】用稀释平板涂布法及平板对峙法从24份取自河南郑州近郊、信阳、新乡、商丘、开封等地区发生小麦赤霉病的田间土样中分离、筛选禾谷镰刀菌的拮抗菌株。【结果】从24份土样中分离纯化到65株菌株,对峙实验发现其中8株对禾谷镰刀菌具有拮抗作用,其中,菌株Jc-07的拮抗效果最佳。根据形态特征、生理生化特性和16SrDNA序列分析,将菌株Jc-07初步鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)。抑菌实验表明,菌株Jc-07发酵滤液明显抑制禾谷镰刀菌的菌丝生长,使禾谷镰刀菌孢子萌发率显著降低。【结论】筛选得到的菌株Jc-07对禾谷镰刀菌具有较高的拮抗活性,具有防治小麦赤霉病的潜在应用价值。[Objective]The present studies were performed to isolate microbial strain with antagonistic activity to wheat Fusarium graminearum, and explore the biological control of wheat scab. [Method ]The dilution spread plate method and the plate confrontation method were used to screen the antagonistic strains from 24 soil samples planted wheat with F. granffuearum disease previously. [Result]There were 65 strains isolated from the samples and 8 stains were found to be antagonistic towards F. graminearum. Of the 8 isolates, strain Jc-07 showed the strongest inhibition effect. Based on the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics as well as the sequencing of 16S rDNA, the strain Jc-07 was preliminary identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaclens. Fungistatic activity assay result indicated that the cuhure filtrate of strain Jc-07 was effective in inhibiting the mycelium growth of F. graminearum,and significantly reduced the spore germi- nation rate. [Conclusion]The strain Jc-07 displayed relatively high inhibition activity to Fusafum gramineumm amt had the potential in biological control of wheat scab.

关 键 词：禾谷镰刀菌 拮抗菌 筛选 解淀粉芽孢杆菌 

分 类 号：Q939.1[生物学—微生物学]