外国留学生汉语疑问句习得中的偏误与策略  

Errors by Foreign Students in Learning Chinese Interrogative Sentences and Possible Solutions

作　　者：丁雪欢[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学华文学院,广东广州510610

出　　处：《云南师范大学学报（对外汉语教学与研究版）》2013年第2期1-8,共8页Journal of Yunnan Normal University(Teaching & Studying Chinese as a Foreign Language Edition)

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学"十一五"规划项目"汉语疑问句的第二语言习得研究"(08J-05)

摘　　要：依据收集的留学生口头和书面语料发现,留学生疑问句偏误主要表现为简单化,一种是误漏语言成分的语形简化,反映了学习者因语言能力不足,趋于使用更自然、简单的无标记形式的普遍现象。一种是策略上的简单化,包括因泛化策略导致的误加"吗"、因替代策略导致的相似项混用、因母语迁移策略导致的词语错位等偏误。这些偏误的特点及原因归根结底与二语能力不足的学习者普遍的认知策略和目的语规则本身的复杂性相关。根据偏误的特点,疑问句的教学要注意针对性。Based on the analysis of the spoken and writing Chinese corpus by foreign students, the paper concludes that their errors in learning Chinese interrogative sentences are closely related to simplifications, one of which is the omission of some language components and reflects the universal phenomenon that the learners tend to use more natural and simple unmarked forms, resulting from their lack of linguistic competence. The other is the simplification of strategies, including such errors as the adding of ＂吗＂ because of the over-generalization strategy, the confusion of similar terms because of the substitution strategy and the misplacement of words because of the mother-tongue transfer strategy. The features and causes of these errors are related to the universal cognitive strategy of second language learners and the complexity of rules of the target languages. Thus, the teaching of such in- terrogative sentences should have a focus.

关 键 词：疑问句偏误 简化 自然度 策略 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]