基于空气负离子浓度的城市环境空气清洁度评价  

Evaluation of air cleanness degree of the urban environment based on negative air ion concentration

作　　者：王薇[1,2] 余庄[2] 冀凤全[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑工业学院建筑与规划学院,安徽合肥230022 [2]华中科技大学建筑与规划学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2013年第2期298-303,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：2013安徽省教育厅自然科学项目(KJ2013A069);2012-2013年安徽省教育基本建设学会科研项目(1211-3);安徽建筑工业学院校级教学团队项目(2011TX01)

摘　　要：选取安徽合肥和广东深圳为研究对象,收集其空气正、负离子浓度、风速、空气温度、相对湿度、材料和植物负离子浓度等数据并分析。结果显示,空气负离子浓度与风速、水、植物、相对湿度等有较为密切的关系,其中最主要的影响是水,其次是风,最小的是气温;并根据对城市室内外环境的实测研究,利用空气离子单极系数及安倍空气离子评价指数对城市室内外环境的空气质量进行初步评价,结果表明,从城市室内环境到城市居住区环境、城镇、自然生态环境空气清洁度逐步变好。城市居住区环境中,以低层高密度住区的空气质量最好,空气负离子浓度为289个/cm3,空气质量达到1.7,空气清洁度为最清洁;而高层居住区最差,空气负离子浓度为139个/cm3,空气质量达到0.08,空气清洁度为重污染。城市室内环境中以自然通风和有新风进入的房间空气质量最好,同时放置负离子发生器对室内空气质量也有显著提高。因此,建议在城市规划建设中采取有效措施以提高空气负离子浓度的分布,从而改善城市生态环境以创造舒适宜居的空气环境,并把空气负离子浓度列为室内环境的监测和评价指标,为今后城乡建设规划、城市林业规划和环境能源保护提供科学依据和设计思路。In this study, we conducted test in Hefei of Anhui province and Shenzhen of Guangdong province in China, where we chose different typical sites to measure and research. The measurements included negative air ion concentration, positive air icon concentration, wind speed, air temperature, relative humidity and negative air icon concentration in materials and plants. The results showed that negative air icon concentration had a closer relation with wind speed, water, plants and air humidity than other factors, the most important factor was the water, followed by wind, and the minimal was air temperature. Based on the measurement and research of indoor and outdoor of urban environments, air quality was assessed using ion polarity ratio and air ion assessment index （CI）. The results show that air cleanness degree increases gradually from urban indoor environment to urban residential environment to country and natural environment. In urban residential environment, the air quality of low high-density residential environment is the best, the NAI concentration reaches to 289 N/em3 at average value, and its air quality reaches to 1.7 for the cleanest; but high-level residential environment is the worst, the air quality of low high-density residential environment is the best, the NAI concentration reaches to 139 N/era3 at average value, and its air quality reaches to 0.08 for threshold, maybe heavy pollution. In urban indoor environments, the air quality with natural ventilation and fresh air into the room is the best, and placed the negative ion generator has improved indoor air quality significantly. So the article suggests taking effective measures to increase the distribution of NAI concentration in urban planning and construction in order to improve the urban ecological environment to create a comfortable air environment, and taldng the negative air ion concentration as a monitoring and evaluation indicators of the indoor environment, so as to provide a scientific basis and design concept for urban planning and co

关 键 词：空气负离子浓度 城市环境 空气质量 空气清洁度 评价指数 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]