润滑油高效降解菌的筛选及降解性能  

Screening of lube oil biodegradation strain and degrading characteristics

作　　者：郭晓燕[1] 张志红[1] 沈齐英[1] 李翠清[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京石油化工学院化学工程学院,北京102617

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2013年第4期1589-1593,共5页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：北京市优秀人才培养资助D类项目(2011D005005000002)

摘　　要：实验以被石油污染的土壤为出发菌源,以润滑油为唯一碳源,经过筛选分离得到4株对润滑油具有降解能力的菌株。经过形态观察、生理生化实验初步鉴定发现,4株菌株分别为黄单胞菌属(Xanthomonas)、动胶菌属(Azotobac-ter)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium),其中菌株G4为黄杆菌属,其润滑油降解效率最高。研究菌株G4降解性能的影响因素发现,实验中的各因素对润滑油降解率的影响大小依次为:温度>葡萄糖浓度>硫酸铵浓度>pH值。在温度20～40℃下,菌株G4对润滑油均具有一定的降解能力。在适宜的温度范围中,pH值5.0～9.0范围内,菌株G4的润滑油降解率随pH值的变化很小,且均在80%以上。菌株G4在以润滑油为唯一碳源时的最佳培养条件为:温度30℃,pH值为9.0,硫酸铵浓度为1.0 g/L。在此条件下培养36 h,100 mL的G4培养液对200μL润滑油的降解率可达84.6%。With oil contaminated soil as starting bacterial source and lube oil as sole carbon source, 4 lube oil biodegradation strains were screened. 4 strains were identified as Xanthomonas, Azotobacter, Pseudomonas and Flavobacterium separately, according to their morphological, physiological, and biochemical features. G4 in 4 screened strains had the highest biodegradation rate. Degrading characteristics of strain G4 were studied and a- mong the experimental factors, the culture temperature had the greatest effect on biodegradation rate, followed by the concentration of glucose, the concentration of ammonium sulphate, and pH. Strain G4 could degrade lube oil in the temperature range of 20 - 40℃. The degradation rate was over 80% in the pH range of 5.0 - 9.0 at appropriate temperature. When 200 μL lube oil, the sole carbon source, was degraded by 100 mL strain culture medium for 36 h, the biodegradation rate rose to 84.6% under the optimum conditions as follows： ammonium sulphate concentration of 1.0 g/L, pH of 9.0 and 30℃.

关 键 词：润滑油 生物降解菌 降解性能 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]