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作 者:乔江涛[1,2] 郭荣波[1] 袁宪正[1] 师晓爽[1] 许晓晖[1] 范晓蕾[1] 邱艳玲[1]
机构地区:[1]中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所生物燃料重点实验室,青岛266101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049
出 处:《环境科学》2013年第4期1531-1539,共9页Environmental Science
基 金:国家自然科学基金项目(51078344);国家科技支撑计划项目(2010BAC67B03);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2012AA052103);中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KSCX2-EW-J-10);山东省自然科学基金项目(Y2008F45);泰山学者建设工程及青岛市引进专项计划项目(11-2-4-15-YX)
摘 要:以不同来源具有木质纤维素降解能力的环境样品为接种物,以玉米秸秆为唯一碳源,进行了秸秆厌氧降解微生物的驯化培养,构建了8组复合菌系.复合菌系的产气周期为30~50 d,玉米秸秆的总固体(TS)去除率在30%~40%之间.其中6组的甲烷产量(以TS计)为62.1~118.4 mL.g-1,发酵液中挥发性有机酸主要为乙酸、丙酸及丁酸(100~500 mg.L-1),发酵终产物pH为6.5~6.7;而另外2组的甲烷产量较低,在8.5~9.7 mL.g-1之间,但乙酸浓度较高(1 200 mg.L-1左右),发酵终产物pH为5.6~5.9.通过16S rRNA基因克隆文库方法对复合菌系中细菌及古菌的群落结构进行了多样性解析,结果表明细菌主要分为8个不同的类群,其中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、互养菌门(Synergistetes)及热袍菌门(Thermotogae)为优势菌群,分别占细菌克隆总数的37.8%、34.3%、11.6%和6.4%;古菌属于甲烷微菌纲(Methanomicrobia)和甲烷杆菌纲(Methanobacteria),分别占古菌克隆总数的61.1%和38.9%.对主要功能菌群在秸秆厌氧降解产甲烷过程中发挥的作用进行了探讨.Methanogenic corn stalk degrading enrichment cultures were constructed using corn stalk as the sole carbon source and eight types of environmental samples as inocula.All the cultures could degrade corn stalk within 30-50 days and the total solids(TS) removal rates were in the range of 30%-40%.In six out of eight cultures,the cumulative methane yields per gram TS were 62.1-118.4 mL·g-1,with acetate,propionate and butyrate as the major volatile fatty acids(100-500 mg·L-1),and the final pH were 6.5-6.7.In the other two cultures,the cumulative methane yields per gram TS were 8.5-9.7 mL·g-1,while the concentrations of acetate were high(1 200 mg·L-1),and the final pH were low(5.6-5.9).The bacterial and archaeal structures in eight enrichments were investigated with a 16S rRNA genes-based clone library method.Clones belonging to the bacterial phyla Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Synergistetes and Thermotogae were observed in abundance within the bacterial clone libraries,which accounted for 37.8%,34.3%,11.6% and 6.4% of the total number of bacterial clones,respectively.Within the domain Archaea,clones affiliated with the classes Methanomicrobia and Methanobacteria were found to be abundant in the archaeal clone libraries,which accounted for 61.1% and 38.9% of the total number of archaeal clones,respectively.
关 键 词:玉米秸秆 厌氧降解 甲烷 群落结构 16S rRNA基因克隆文库
分 类 号:X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]
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