云南省高中学生艾滋病健康教育效果评价  

Effectiveness of HIV/AIDS health education in four senior high schools in Yunnan Province

作　　者：郑棒[1] 金奥铭[1] 马迎华[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院,北京100191 [2]北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2013年第3期281-284,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：中国预防性病艾滋病基金会资助

摘　　要：目的了解高中生艾滋病预防知识、态度和行为现状以及开展艾滋病健康教育的效果,为制定预防艾滋病干预策略提供参考。方法整群分层抽取楚雄、大理的4所中学6个班级高三学生,由经过培训的健康教育者分别开展以同伴教育、大型讲座2种形式为主的预防艾滋病教育活动;活动前、后用同一份问卷对研究对象进行调查。结果健康教育后,学生大众艾滋病基本知识核心指标简称"国八条"的知晓率由83.5%提高到94.0%(P<0.01),对待艾滋病感染者的态度题目正答率均显著提高(P值均<0.01),更多学生选择远离毒品、避免性行为等正确的生活行为。健康教育前汉族、白族、彝族学生"国八条"知晓率、问卷优秀率、知识得分差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01);健康干预后,同伴教育组态度行为总分显著高于大型讲座组(P<0.01)。结论对高中生开展预防艾滋病健康教育效果显著,健康教育的形式对教育效果有一定影响。应针对不同人群的特点制定相应的健康教育策略。Objective To investigate the effects of HIV/AIDS health education on knowledge,attitude and practice（KAP） of AIDS among high school students and to provide references for developing AIDS prevention strategies.Methods Totally 970 grade 3 students in 4 senior high schools were collected in Chuxiong and Dali by stratified cluster sampling.Peer education and large lectures were conducted separately among students by well-trained volunteers.A KAP questionnaire investigation was given to those students before and after health education.Results After education,the correct rate of 8 questions and positive attitudes toward HIV infectors increased significantly.There was significant difference in students with different ethnic in terms of their correct answer rate of 8 questions,KAP questionnaire score before health education（P＆lt;0.01）.The average score of attitude and practice towards HIV/AIDS in peer education group was significantly higher than students in large lecture group after intervention（P＆lt;0.01）.Conclusion The effect of HIV/AIDS health education is significant and might be influenced by education methods.Specific HIV/AIDS health education strategies should be made according to students with different characteristics.

关 键 词：获得性免疫缺陷综合征 健康知识 态度 实践 干预性研究 学生 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学] R512.91[文化科学—教育技术学]