2011年夏秋季南奥克尼群岛水域南极磷虾集群时空分布  

Spatiotemporal distribution patterns of Antarctic krill aggregations around the South Orkney Islands in austral summer-autumn 2011

作　　者：朱国平[1,2,3,4] 朱小艳[2] 夏辉[2] 李莹春[2] 许柳雄[1,2,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海210306 [2]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [3]大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海海洋大学,上海201306 [4]农业部大洋渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,上海海洋大学,上海201306

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第4期912-919,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203018);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2012AA092302);农业部南极海洋生物资源开发与利用项目(D-8003-09-0158);国家海洋局极地科学重点实验室开放基金项目(KP201210);上海海洋大学"海鸥计划"项目(B-5003-11-0023)资助

摘　　要：基于2011年度夏秋季中国南极磷虾渔业科学观察员在大型拖网加工船"开欣轮"上收集的影像资料(作业水域为南奥克尼群岛周边海域,时间为2011年3月6日—4月21日),对该水域南极磷虾集群的时空分布特征进行了分析。结果表明:南极磷虾群在南奥克尼群岛西北部海域出现的次数较为集中,主要出现在60°00'S—60°15'S,45°30'W—46°30'W区域内;不同水层中,磷虾群主要呈块状分布,0～50m和50～100m水层集群类型极为相似(PSI=92.3),散点状、块状和带状磷虾群在0～50m水层出现比例最高,且块状磷虾群和带状磷虾群在各水层中的分布极为相似(PSI=94.4);1:00—18:00南极磷虾群出现频率较高,随后比例开始下降,19:00—20:00出现频率最低。Based on the video records collected by the Chinese scientific observers of Antarctic krill fishery abroad the large-scale factory trawler ＂KAIXIN＂ , which operated around the South Orkney Islands in the austral summer-autumn 2011 （ March 6 to April 21,2011 ）, this paper an- alyzed the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of the Antarctic krill aggregations in the water areas of the Islands. The Antarctic krill aggregation were concentrated in the northwestern water areas of the Islands, and limited mostly at 60°00＇S-60°15＇S and 45°30＇W-46°30＇W. In different wa- ter layers, the aggregations were dominated in patched distribution. The percentage similarity in- dex （PSI） analysis showed that there was a high similarity of 92.3 between the 0-50 m and 50- 100 m water layers. The scattered, patched, and belted aggregations had the highest proportion of occurrence in 0-50 m water layer, and the patched and belted aggregations had a very similar distribution pattern in different water layers （PSI= 94.4）. The time segment with higher occur- rence of Antarctic krill aggregations was from 1：00 to 18：00, and the occurrence decreased grad- ually to the lowest level from 19：00 to 20：00. This study could provide basic data for better un-derstanding the formation mechanism of Antarctic krill fishing ground, and the operational refer- ences for exploiting Antarctic krill resources.

关 键 词：南极磷虾 集群 时空分布 南奥克尼群岛 

分 类 号：S932.51[农业科学—渔业资源]