根际交替灌溉技术在荔枝上的应用效果研究  

A Preliminary Study on Partial Rootzone-drying Irrigation for Litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn)

作　　者：贾文君[1] 万景刚[1] 徐冰[1] 何欣[1] 王永梅[1] 周开兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带作物种质资源保护与开发利用教育部重点实验室,海南海口570228

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2013年第2期129-133,共5页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：海南省教育厅高等学校科学研究项目(Hjkj2011-14);海南省星火产业带专项资金项目(HNXH201224)

摘　　要：以南岛无核荔枝(Litchi chinensis Sonn.cv Nandao seedless fruit)成年树为试材,研究根际交替灌溉技术(PRD)对树体生长、结果和叶片碳水化合物积累的影响。结果显示:PRD的新梢生长量显著小于正常灌溉对照(CK)的,而大于灌水量减半处理(HN)的。PRD的株产最高,HN的最低。PRD的果实品质因素中除出汁率显著低于CK的外,其余各因素则显著高于CK的或与其无显著差异;HN的除果形指数显著高于PRD和CK的外,其余品质因素则显著低于PRD和CK的或与其无显著差异;可见,以PRD的果实综合品质表现最佳。PRD叶片的叶绿素a、14d后的叶绿素a/b值和可溶性糖含量、净光合速率、淀粉含量均呈现最高趋势,其呼吸速率呈现低于HN的趋势,表明PRD能增强叶片光合作用和促进叶片碳水化合物积累。Nandao seedless litchi（Litchi chinensis Sonn） trees were used to study the effect of the partial rootzone-drying（PRD） irrigation method on the growth,fruit-bearing and carbohydrate accumulation in leaves of the trees.The results showed that PRD retarded the shoot growth as compared with the normal irrigation（CK）,but did not in comparison with that when the irrigation was done by reducing half of the regular amount of water in the rootzone（HN）.The fruit yield under PRD irrigation was significantly the highest,and significantly the lowest under HN,among the treatments and control.On fruit quality,except for juiciness,PRD produced better or similar characteristics in comparison to CK.Other than shape of the fruits,HN yielded considerably inferior fruits to CK or PRD.Overall,PRD was considered the most desirable irrigation method.The contents of chlorophyll a and starches in leaves,net photosynthetic rate of leaves,leaf chlorophyll a/b ratio,and sugar content after 14d were highest among the three methods when PRD was applied.Furthermore,the respiratory rate of the tree leaves when PRD was used appeared lower than HN.It suggested that PRD could enhance the photosynthesis and improve the carbohydrate accumulation in leaves.

关 键 词：根际交替灌溉(PRD) 南岛无核荔枝 生长 结果 碳水化合物积累 

分 类 号：S667[农业科学—果树学]