开封市学龄前儿童眼屈光状态调查研究  

The analysis and study of current situation for Preschool children's refraction in Kaifeng

作　　者：张颜芳 储进 张慧文 王美娟 付杰红 刘莹 

机构地区：[1]开封市妇幼保健院眼科,475002

出　　处：《中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志》2013年第1期37-41,共5页Chinese Journal of Strabismus & Pediatric Ophthalmology

基　　金：开封市科技发展计划项目基金课题(120377)

摘　　要：目的探讨开封市学龄前儿童屈光状态的动态变化规律和特点,为指导儿童眼保健,降低弱视、近视的发生率提供依据。方法 2008年至2010年每年采取整群随机抽样方法抽取25所幼儿园3～6岁儿童7862名应用美国伟伦Suresight验光仪进行屈光度筛查,屈光异常者进一步常规检查,散瞳验光,明确诊断,综合治疗。结果 (1)学龄前儿童屈光异常率由2008年13.7%增至2010年16.8%;随年龄增长,异常率增高;男女性别间无差别,但左眼异常率高于右眼,差异有统计学意义。(2)屈光异常者经复查视力,三个年龄组异常符合率分别为63.1%、68.9%、61.7%,随年龄增长,符合率增加,4～5岁组最高,6岁组下降且最低。(3)共筛查23586人次47172眼,所有儿童动态屈光构成比以远视性为主,占97.8%,近视性、正视、混合散光分别占0.2%、0.2%、1.8%,各年间各年龄组间无明显差别。(4)散瞳验光1733人,确诊弱视1409人占81.3%。弱视屈光类型以远视为主占75.9%,近视、混合散光分别为5.2%、18.9%。3年变化趋势为:远视成分逐年降低,近视有所增加,尤其混合散光比例明显增加。结论定期对学龄前儿童进行视力和屈光度检查,掌握各年龄变化规律和特点,对指导儿童眼保健、儿童眼病的早发现、早诊断、早治疗起重要作用。Objective To invetigate the types of preschool children refraction status that was trend to change pattern and characters in the city of Kaifeng.We will guide to eye care of children and underlie all incidence of reduce rate of amblyopia,myopia.Methods adopted the Suresight optometry uni （made in U.S.A） to cluster random sampling of 7862 cases of dioptric screening and ametropia checking, that clarify diagnosis and comprehensive treatment for the preschool childen within range at 3-6 years old in the 25 kindergarden. Results （1）preschool children ametropia rate from 13.7%（2008） increasde to 16.8%（2010）at the 3 years; Follow their age growing along with gender was indiffrency but left eye anomalous rate exceede than fight eye, That differece had got purport of statistiscs.（2）to recheckde vision of ametropia,the 3 differently age groups unusual coincidence rate was each other 63.1%,68.9%,61.7%, follow the age grows coincidence rate increasde also at the sametime, but 4-5 years old group was highest and 6 years old trend to reducede to lowest. （3） screened 23586 children also 47172 eyes all their dyamic refraction was 97.8% highter than long sight, myopia 0.2%. face squarely 0.2% and mixed, astigmatism 1.8%, the different age groups is not signifisant. （4）within mydriasis optometry 1733 children make a definite diagnosis amblyopia was 1409 children 81.3% and weak sight give first place to be long sight 75.9%, myopia 5.2%, mixed astigmatism was partly to 18.9%. within the 3 years old children group changed trend will to be reduce of long sight and myopia would to be increasing, especially that mixde astigmatim was markedly increasing. Conclusions Regular get the preschool children do in progress of physical examination of refraction and eyesight screeing. know well particular regular age changeing and the charctertic to guide to eye care preschool children and find oculopathy of children eariy, dignoise and treatment that is very impotant.

关 键 词：学龄前 儿童 屈光 视力 自动验光 弱视 

分 类 号：R778.2[医药卫生—眼科]