篮球、手球、足球运动员体成分及肌肉力量的比较分析  

A comparative analysis on the body composition and muscle strength of basketball,football and handball athletes

作　　者：许晓东[1] 柏友萍[1] 张晶[1] 戴园园[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学体育学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《辽宁体育科技》2012年第4期37-41,共5页Liaoning Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：安徽省科技计划重点课题(项目编号:10020503078);教育部规划课题(项目编号:FLB070496);安徽省高校自然科学基金(项目编号:KJ2008B150)

摘　　要：目的:对篮球、手球、足球运动员的身体成分和肌肉力量进行比较分析,探讨三大球运动员身体素质的特点与差异,为运动训练以及运动员科学选材提供理论参考。方法:研究对象均为篮球、足球、手球二级以上专业运动员,均为男性,身高、体重、年龄和运动年限无明显差异,对研究对象进行体成分和肌肉力量测试及比较分析。结果:篮球组与手球组腹下脂肪比率、基础代谢、肥胖程度、BMI以及细胞液都有非常显著性差异(P<0.01);篮球组与足球组之间下肢和腹下脂肪与体重比存有差异性(P<0.05),胸下脂肪与体重比存有非常显著性差异(P<0.01);手球运动员与足球运动员之间肥胖程度、BMI、细胞液和基础代谢均有非常显著性差异(P<0.01);在上下肢力量方面篮球运动员与手球和足球运动员存有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:手球运动员在身高、体重、脂肪比率、BMI、细胞量、蛋白质、无机盐、细胞液方面都明显高于篮球和足球运动员;篮球运动员在力量方面比较占据优势;足球运动员身材相对较小,在体脂比率、BMI以及上下肢力量方面低于篮球和手球运动员。In order to comparatively analyses the body composition and muscle strength of basketball,football and handball players,probe into the physical quality characteristics and differences of three big-ball sports athletes,and provide theoretical basis for sports training and scientific selection of athletes,taking second level of above professional athletes of three big-ball sports male athletes who are no differences of height,weight,age and sports time as study objects,this paper tests and comparatively analyses the body composition and muscle strengthduring.The results show that handball athletes＇ height,weight,fat ratio,BMI,cell concentration,protein,inorganic salts and cell sap are significantly higher than basketball and football athletes＇ indexs;basketball athletes are comparatively dominant in the power aspect;football athletes who have relatively small stature in fat ratio,BMI and upper and lower limbs power are lower than basketball and handball athletes.There is significantly different between supplementation 7g,14g whey-protein and placebo（p0.05） compared with supplementation whey-protein and supplementation placebo,so supplementation whey-protein before exercise can improve the aerobic endurance.

关 键 词：篮球 足球 手球 体成分 肌肉力量 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]