饲料中赖氨酸水平对克氏原螯虾生长、体组成与消化酶活性的影响  

Effect of dietary lysime levels on grow,body composition and digestive enzyme activity of red swamp crayfish(Procambarus clarkii)

作　　者：张微微[1] 徐维娜[1] 王莹[1,2] 刘文斌[1,2] 鲁康乐[1] 李向飞[1] 杨维维[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院江苏省水产动物营养重点实验室,江苏南京210095 [2]南京农业大学渔业学院,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2013年第2期402-410,共9页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：江苏省水产三项工程(PJ2010-56);农业部公益性行业科研专项(201003070)

摘　　要：克氏原螯虾（Procambarusclarkii）购自盱眙某龙虾养殖场，初始体质量为（7．60＋0．01）g。以酪蛋白、明胶、小麦面筋粉和晶体氨基酸为蛋白源配制7组蛋白质水平为28。26％、能量为17。15kJ·g-1的等氮等能半纯和饲料，各组赖氨酸质量分数分别为0．76％、1．00％、1．22％、1．47％、1．69％、1．89％和2．18％。实验虾分为7组，每组设4个重复，每个重复12尾虾，分别投喂以上7种饲料。养殖实验于室外网箱（规格为60cmx60cmx60cm）中进行，饲养周期为60d。结果表明，随着饲料中赖氨酸水平的升高，增重率、特定生长率和饲料效率均显著升高（P〈0．05），分别在赖氨酸水平1．69％、I．69％和1．22％组时，三者达到最大值；当赖氨酸水平进一步升高，三者均呈下降趋势。各组的成活率为89．58％～97．92％，组问无显著差异（P〉0．05）。全虾水分含量以赖氨酸水平1．22％组最低，显著低于0．76％组（P〈0．05）。全虾粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量分别以赖氨酸水平1．89％组和1．69％组最高，均显著高于0．76％组俨〈O．05）。各组之间的全虾灰分含量、肌肉组成、肌肉氨基酸组成和消化酶活性均无显著差异（P〉O．05）。以增重率为评价指标进行一元二次回归分析，得出克氏原螯虾的适宜赖氨酸需求量为1．66％，占饲料蛋白的5．87％。本研究旨在通过确定克氏原螯虾对饲料中赖氨酸的适宜需求量，为其人工配合饲料的研制提供基础数据和理论依据。To determine the optimal dietary lysine requirement of red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, we evaluated the effects of dietary lysine levels on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition, muscle amino acid composition, and digestive enzyme activity of this species. Seven isonitrogenous （28.26% crude pro- tein） and isocaloric （17.15 kJ.g-1 gross energy） diets were formulated with protein sources from the mixture of casein, gelatin, wheat gluten, and crystalline amino acid （AA） mixture. The measured lysine levels of the experi- mental diets were 0.76%, 1.00%, 1.22%, 1.47%, 1.69%, 1.89% and 2.18%. Each diet was fed to four groups of 12 crayfish with an initial body weight of （7.60-0.01） g in floating net cages （60 cmx60 cm60 cm）. The crayfish were fed three times daily for 60 d. The results indicated that weight gain rate （WGR）, specific growth rate （SGR）, and feed efficiency ratios （FER） all increased significantly with increasing dietary lysine levels （P〈0.05）, and their maximum values were attained at 1.69%, 1.69%, and 1.22%, respectively. However, they all decreased with fur- ther increasing dietary lysine levels. Survival rate ranged from 89.58% to 97.92%, and showed no significant dif- ference among all the dietary treatments （P〉0.05）. Whole-body moisture content of crayfish fed t.22% dietary lysine was significantly lower than that of crayfish fed 0.76% dietary lysine （P〈0.05）, but showed little difference from that of the other treatments （P〉0.05）. The highest whole-body protein and lipid content was observed in crayfish fed 1.89% and 1.69 dietary lysine, respectively. They were both significantly higher than that of crayfish fed 0.76% lysine （P〈0.05）, but showed little difference with that of the other treatments （P〉0.05）. No significant difference was found in whole-body ash content, muscle composition, muscle AA contents, or digestive enzyme activity among all the treatments （P〉0.05）. The second-order regression ana

关 键 词：克氏原螯虾 赖氨酸需求量 生长性能 体组成 消化酶活性 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]