温度升高对玉米种子萌发的影响  

Effect of Temperature Increasing on Germination of Maize Seeds

作　　者：宁大可[1] 谢立勇[1] 杨振中[1] 赵美玲[1] 罗新兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学农学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《玉米科学》2013年第2期102-105,111,共5页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2010CB951302)

摘　　要：选用两个不同玉米品种先玉335和郑单958,研究温度升高4℃范围内对玉米种子萌发的影响。在人工气候箱中模拟3个温度处理(对照温度、对照温度+2℃、对照温度+4℃),分析播种后不同天数温度变化梯度值对玉米种子萌发的发芽指数、α-淀粉酶活力和相对离子渗透率的影响。结果表明,在温度升高4℃范围内,两个玉米种子发芽势、发芽指数和萌发率均升高;温度升高2℃和4℃时玉米种子α-淀粉酶活力最大值分别提前1 d和2 d,且温度越高,最高值越大;相对离子渗漏率略有下降,但下降趋势不明显。说明在适度增温条件下,玉米种子萌发将提前和加速。Two kinds of different maize varieties Xianyu335 and Zhengdan958 were used as materials, the effect of different rising temperatures in the range of 4℃ on the germination of maize seeds was studied. Three grades of rising gradient temperatures were set（set the CK temperature, ＋2℃ and ＋4℃）. It was analyzed that the effects of rising temperature in the range of 4℃ on germination potentials, α-amylase activities and relative ion leakage of maize at different days after sowing in climatic chambers. The results showed that under the condition of the higher temperature, the seed germination potentials, germination index and germination rates of two varieties were increased slightly and the germination potential rising 5%. The maximum of α-amylase activities was respectively 1 day ahead. Relative ion leakage rates declined slightly, but insignificantly. The results suggested that high temperature in the range of 4℃ effects on maize seed germination resulted in ascend of α-amylase activities, and the descend of relative ion leakage of maize seed, and thus increased the degradation of maize seed starch and enhanced the permeability of seed cell membrane. Under the condition of high temperature, germination of maize seeds will be in advance and speed up.

关 键 词：玉米 温度升高 种子萌发 Α-淀粉酶活力 相对离子渗漏率 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]