日常语言与形而上学--基于转换语法的形而上学分析可行吗？  

Language and Metaphysics: A Case Study on Transformational Grammar

作　　者：戴晓羚[1] 黄敏[2] 

机构地区：[1]钟山职业技术学院,南京210048 [2]中山大学,广州510335

出　　处：《外语学刊》2013年第2期90-96,共7页Foreign Language Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“语言知识论研究”(11CZX024)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：从研究语言入手研究形而上学,有逻辑学和语言学两条路可走。万德勒运用转换语法技术区分事实与事件这两个语义范畴,并认为它们分别对应于相应的形而上学存在物。这项研究假定,能够分离出独立于语法的语义范畴,从而能得到独立于语言的存在物类别。但是,对万德勒例子的进一步研究表明,事件与事实的区分中起作用的是语法而不是语义范畴。至少有些语义范畴不能从语法中分离出来,这就对通过语法研究来研究形而上学提出质疑。如果语义范畴不独立于语法,那么从语法研究将得不到形而上学。There are two approaches concerning the relationship between language and metaphysics, the logical and the linguistic. Zeno Vendler, using transformational techniques, distinguishes two semantic categories of facts and events respectively, and actually regardes them as differing and separable classes of metaphysical beings. In doing this, he proposes that independent semantic cat- egories could be isolated, and that corresponding classes of beings that were independent of language could thereby be derived. But further research on Vendler＇ s cases shows that it is not semantic categories but grammar that functions in the process of dif- ferentiating events and facts. At least, some semantic categories could not be isolated from grammar, and this casts doubt on the efficacy of the linguistic approach to metaphysics. If semantic categories are not independent of grammar, we could not derive metaphysics from grammar research.

关 键 词：转换语法 形而上学 事件 事实 

分 类 号：B089[哲学宗教—哲学理论]