由新《民事诉讼法》第55条反思检察机关公益诉讼的法律保障  

Reflections on the Legislation for the Public Interest Litigation Filed by People’s Procuratorates in Article 55 of the Second Amendment to Civil Procedure Law of PRC

作　　者：梅宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学法政学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第2期72-78,共7页Journal of Ocean University of China(Social Sciences)

基　　金：司法部国家法治与法学理论研究项目"人民检察院提起环境公益诉讼的职能及其立法保障研究"(09SFB3040)

摘　　要：《民事诉讼法》第二次修正案第55条规定,"法律规定的机关"可以向人民法院提起公益诉讼,仍未明确检察机关的原告主体资格。依据法理分析,在国家利益、社会公共利益遭受侵犯却乏有救济时,人民检察院为维护公益代表国家支持起诉或提起诉讼,是其行使法定职能的表现。基于宪法、人民检察院组织法的立法精神和司法实践,有理由也有必要对人民检察院的公益诉讼起诉权予以肯定。我国检察机关提起环境公益诉讼的原告主体资格、受案范围、环境损害评估及其举证责任、法律程序、诉讼费用承担和案件执行等问题存在法律适用上的模糊或空白,这些为进一步完善法律规定提出任务。Article 55 of the second amendment to Civil Procedure Law includes the plaintiff standing provisions, which enable the ＂law authorities＂ to start the public interest litigation in the Court. However, the provision has not yet explicitly defined the plaintiff＇s subject qualification for the environmental public interest litigation. According to the legal analysis, it is the obligation of the People＇s Procuratorates to exercise their function to start the litigations over the environmental public interest. Based on the spirit of the Constitution and Organic Law of the People＇s Procuratorate and judicial practices, it is justifiable and necessary for the People＇s Procuratorates to initiate environmental public interest litigation. Owing to blurred boundaries or gap of the law application in the plaintiff subject qualifications, scope of the case, environmental damage assessment and its burden of proof, legal proceedings, the cost of litigation, and implementation of commitments for the cases, there will be room for improving corresponding legislation on environmental public interest litigation.

关 键 词：《民事诉讼法》第55条 检察机关 环境公益诉讼 职能 

分 类 号：D915.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]