黄海微食物环生态模型的建立与校验  

Establishment and Validation of Microbial Loop Ecosystem Model in the Yellow Sea

作　　者：张力鸥[1] 王玉衡[1] 魏皓[1] 黄邦钦[2] 肖天[3] 

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学海洋科学与工程学院,天津300457 [2]厦门大学近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室,福建厦门361005 [3]中国科学院海洋研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2012年第4期457-476,共20页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目--我国近海生态系统食物产出的关键过程及其可持续机理(第四课题):微食物环在近海食物产出过程中的耦合作用(2006CB400604);中国近海水母暴发的关键过程;机理及生态环境效应(第六课题):水母灾害暴发机制与生态效应的模型研究(2011CB403606);国家自然科学重点基金--黄海动力过程对生物生产支持与调节机制的数值研究(40830854)

摘　　要：细菌降解有机物又由小型浮游动物摄食回到主食物链的微食物循环被认为是海洋生态系统稳定的重要因素,是主食物链的必要补充,而对该作用的认识需要模型量化。本研究在已有黄海浮游生态系统模型基础上,增加微食物环过程(打开已有模型中营养物质转化的隐形参数关系,建立异养细菌与有机物和浮游动物之间的能量流动联系),考虑黄海营养状况,建立了1个基于磷、硅循环,包括细菌、浮游植物(小型和大型)、浮游动物(小型、大型和捕食性)生物量、磷营养盐浓度(磷酸盐、溶解态有机磷和颗粒态有机磷)及硅营养盐浓度(硅酸和生物硅)共11个生态变量的二维微食物环生态模型。在普林斯顿海洋模型模拟的黄海气候态天平均二维温度场和流场的驱动下,以该模型模拟了生态系统各营养级生物量分布的季节变化,分析了食物网能量流动关系,其结果符合黄海生态系统变化规律;模拟的溶解有机磷浓度、颗粒有机磷浓度、细菌生物量等与相关文献观测中结果相比在合理范围内或变化一致,证明模型是可信的,可为进一步研究陆架海微食物环作用提供依据。Organic matter in the sea is consumed by bacteria.The later grazed by small zooplanktons and the waste energy flow back to the main food chain to form the microbial loop.This loop is regarded as an important factor of ecosystem stability and a necessary supplement to the main food chain.A new microbial ecosystem model was established on the base of the existed plankton ecosystem model in the Yellow Sea,i.e.modified NEMURO,to quantify the role of the microbial loop in such a shelf sea.The microbial loop was included in the model by adding the bacteria biomass as variable and linking it to the small zooplankton and the organic matter.The biological compartment of this new model included 11 state variables,bacteria biomass,phytoplankton biomass(small and large),zooplankton biomass(small,large and predacious),phosphorus nutrients concentration(phosphate,dissolved organic phosphorus and particulate organic phosphorus) and silicon nutrients concentration(silicate and biogenic silica).The microbial loop ecosystem model was driven by the two-dimensional climatologically average daily temperature and circulation which output by Princeton Ocean Model.The annual cycle of biomass of each trophic level in the ecosystem and nutrients concentration were simulated.The energy flow was in agreement with the ecosystem evolution in the Yellow Sea learned from other researches.This model could be used to analyze the contribution from microbial loop.

关 键 词：黄海 微食物环 生态模型 改进的NEMURO 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]