无锡市50岁及以上人群年龄相关性黄斑变性流行病学调查  

Prevalence study of age-related macular degeneration over the age of 50＇s in Wuxi

作　　者：曹葭[1] 姚勇[1] 傅东红[1] 朱靖[1] 谢田华[1] 殷丽[1] 禹倩倩[1] 栾兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属无锡市人民医院眼科,无锡214023

出　　处：《中国实用眼科杂志》2013年第4期494-498,共5页Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的了解无锡市≥50岁人群年龄相关性黄斑变性患病率及其危险因素。方法在2010年6月至12月期间，对无锡市滨湖区目标人群进行了年龄相关性黄斑变性的流行病学调查。采用整群随机抽样方法，由调查队人员对目标人群进行视力和眼部的检查，包括应用裂隙灯进行眼前段及小瞳孔下直接检验镜进行眼底检查，采用全国眼底病学组指定的标准诊断ARMD患者。结果调查受检人群6150人，确诊ARMD患者482例（751只眼），占受检人群的7．84％，湿性ARMD38例（53只眼），在50—59、60～69、70—79、80岁及以上各年龄段中，ARMD的检出率分别是3．43％（75／2187）、7．73％（201／2601）、14．69％（152／1035）、16．51％（54／327），（X2=160．162，P〈0．05）。hRMD致盲和低视力眼的比例分别为5．59％和19．71％。湿性ARMD致盲和低视力的比例分别为22．64％和37．73％，其高于干性ARMD致盲和致低视力的比例4．30％和18．34％。与ARMD患病有关的危险因素有：性别、受教育程度、嗜烟嗜酒史、白内障手术人工晶状体植入史等。结论ARMD患病率随着年龄的增加显著增加，与干性ARMD相比，湿性ARMD对视力损害更为严重。Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of age-related macular degen- eration （ARMD） in Wuxi residents older than 50 years. Methods Randomized cluster sampling was used in selecting residents＇ aged t〉50 years in Binhu District from June to December 2010. A total of 6150 individuals received visual acuity test and eye examination, including cornea, pupil and lens, fundus were also carried out by using direct ophthalmoscopy, the diagnosis of ARMD was made according to the criteria of the Sub-society of Funds Disease, Chinese Ophthalmological Soci- ety. Results 7.84% of the included population had ARMD. The prevalence of ARMD in the age groups of 50-59, 60-69, 70-79 and more than 80 were 3.43%, 7.73%, 14.69% and 16.51%, respec- tively （z2=t60.162, P 〈0.05）. In the ARMD patients, 5.59% and 19.71% of the eyes were identified as blind or with low vision. In exudative ARMD patients, 22.64% and 37.73% of the eyes were identified as blind or with low vision. The visual acuity of eyes with exudative ARMD was lower than the visual acuity of atrophic ARMD eyes. Risk factors related to ARMD were Gender, Educa- tion, History of smoking and alcoholics, cataract surgery, et al. Conclusions The prevalence of AR- MD is significantly increasing with aging. Exudative ARMD leads to severe visual impairment.

关 键 词：年龄相关性黄斑变性 患病率 危险因素 

分 类 号：R774.5[医药卫生—眼科]