论基尔克法人有机体说的法理内涵和政治旨趣  

Jurisprudential Connotation and Political Purport of Gierke's Organnische Theorie

作　　者：仲崇玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学,重庆401120

出　　处：《现代法学》2013年第2期56-65,共10页Modern Law Science

基　　金：山东省博士后创新项目"法律人格制度研究"(200803084)

摘　　要：作为一个法律理论,法人有机体说认为,合作型团体是个有机体,具有团体意志,其人格是真实的社会存在。团体人格的产生、变更和消灭都由先验的集体意志所决定,而非由国家从外部来操纵。团体的法律人格应以事实人格为基础和归宿,法人设立应采准则制,以限制国家自由裁量权。从政治旨趣上来说,有机体说意在否弃全能国家观念,肯定社会中间团体的独立性和自治能力,强调团体的合法性来自于其自身而非国家。With hermeneutical methods,this article studied Gierke＇s original literature on corporate doctrine to reveal the legal connotation and political purport of his Organnische Theorie.As a legal theory,Organnische Theorie takes a cooperative corporation as an organism with corporate will,whose personality is the reality of social existence.The formation,modification and termination of corporate personality are all determined by transcendental collective wills rather than the state＇s external manipulation.The legal personality of a corporation should be based and centered on its factual personality.Criteria should be adopted so as to limit the state＇s discretion to regulate incorporation.From the perspective of political purport,one can see that the Organnische Theorie is intended to deny the omnipotent state concept,affirm the independence and autonomous ability of intermediate organizations,and emphasize a corporation＇s validity coming from the corporation per se rather than the state.

关 键 词：基尔克 有机体说 法理内涵 政治旨趣 

分 类 号：DF51[政治法律—民商法学]