反相微乳液法制备纳米NiB非晶合金及其催化NaBH_4水解制氢  

Hydrogen Generation by Hydrolysis of NaBH_4 Solution Using NiB Catalysts Prepared in Microemulsion Systems

作　　者：张军[1] 李莉莉[1] 王修才[1] 李承轩[1] 杜西刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学化工与制药学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《河南科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第3期91-95,112,共5页Journal of Henan University of Science And Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21076063);河南省科技攻关基金项目(102102210170);洛阳市科技攻关基金项目(1101030A);洛阳市矿产资源化工重点实验室建设项目(1003016A)

摘　　要：调变反相微乳体系中十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、正戊醇和水的含量,以硼氢化钠为还原剂,用不同的微乳体系制备了多形貌NiB;借助X射线衍射、选区电子衍射和透射电镜分析,分别确定了所得产物的物相组成及其形貌特征;通过变化不同形貌类型的NiB、反应温度及NaBH4浓度,分别考察了这些因素对NaBH4水解制氢反应的影响。研究结果表明:反相微乳体系还原法均可制得纯度较高的非晶态NiB,随着体系中水含量的增大,产物由球形变为树枝状;而随着醇含量的升高,产物粒径逐步减小。微乳液法制得的NiB对NaBH4水解制氢的催化能力要强于水溶液常规法所得的NiB。NaBH4在溶液中的浓度对于产氢速率影响不大,具有零级反应的动力学特征。The multi-shaped NiB nano /micro powders were prepared by chemical reduction method using sodium borohydride as reductant in several microemulsion systems comprised of different content of cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide(CTAB) n-amylalcohol and water.The phase composition and morphologies of the product samples obtained under different conditions were characterized by X-ray powder differaction,selected area electron diffraction and transmission electron microscope.The effect of reaction conditions such as the types of NiB,temperatures and concentrations of NaBH 4 on the hydrogen generation by hydrolysis of NaBH 4 were investigated in detail.The results show that the amorphous alloy NiB with high purity can be obtained by means of the microemulsion systems.With the increase of water concentration,the particle changes from sphere to dendritic shape and the average diameter of the NiB particles reduces with the increase of n-amylalcohol concentration.The as-prepared NiB in microemulsion system exhibits more activity than the regular NiB prepared in aqueous solution for the hydrolysis of NaBH 4.The less effect of NaBH 4 concentration in solution on hydrogen production rate endows the hydrolysis reaction with kinetic characteristics of zero-order reaction.

关 键 词：非晶态 NIB 微乳体系 NABH4 水解制氢 

分 类 号：TQ423[化学工程] O614.12[理学—无机化学]