维生素D_3对鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、胴体品质和胫骨发育的影响  

Effects of Vitamin D_3 on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance,Carcass Quality and Tibia Quality of Geese

作　　者：王迪[1] 王宝维[1] 葛文华[1] 张名爱[1] 岳斌[1] 陈苗璐[1] 王姣[1] 孟苓凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学优质水禽研究所,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2013年第7期1470-1480,共11页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家水禽产业技术体系专项基金(CARS-43-11)

摘　　要：【目的】通过在0—15周龄鹅饲粮中添加不同水平维生素D3,探讨其对鹅生产性能、胴体品质和胫骨发育的影响;【方法】试验选择1日龄肝用型青农灰鹅360只,随机分为6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复10只。维生素D3在基础饲粮中添加量分别为:0(对照组)、200、400、800、1600、3 200 IU.kg-1;试验期为15周,记录其采食量、体重和健康状况,计算生产性能;4周龄末和15周龄末分别从每重复抽取1只和2只试验鹅屠宰,测定其屠宰性能、胴体品质和胫骨指标。【结果】(1)饲粮中未添加维生素D3的对照组软骨症发生率为:0—4周36.67%,5—15周26.67%,明显高于试验组;维生素D3添加量3 200 IU.kg-1无临床中毒症状。(2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加400 IU.kg-1维生素D3可显著提高0—4周龄鹅日采食量和日增重(P<0.05),维生素D3的添加可显著提高5—15周鹅日增重(P<0.05),但添加组组间差异不显著。(3)饲粮中添加800 IU.kg-1维生素D3可极显著提高15周龄鹅的屠宰率(P<0.01),显著提高半净膛率(P<0.05);添加维生素D3对胸肌肉色有显著影响(P<0.05)。(4)提高饲粮维生素D3水平可显著提高4周龄鹅胫骨的密度、重量及钙磷含量和15周龄胫骨密度、重量和灰分含量(P<0.05);【结论】(1)添加维生素D3对鹅的生产性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质和胫骨发育具有重要调控作用;饲粮中不添加维生素D3鹅的软骨症发生率明显增加。(2)鹅饲粮维生素D3最适添加量为:0—4周471.70IU.kg-1,5—15周548.63 IU.kg-1。[ Objective ] This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary vitamin D3 level on growth performance, carcass quality and tibia quality of geese aged 0 to 15 weeks. [ Method ] Three hundred and sixty 1-day-old Qingnonghui liver goose were selected and randomly assigned into 6 treatment groups with 6 replicates for each treatment and 10 in each replicate. The geese were fed with basal diet supplemented with 0, 200, 400, 800, 1 600, and 3 200 IU.kg1 vitamin D3, respectively. Geese were raised for fifteen weeks and their feed intake and weight were recorded to get the growth performance. One or two geese were selected and slaughtered from each replicate to measure slaughter performance, carcass quality and tibia development at the end of 4 and 15 weeks. [Result] Osteomalacia rate of the controlled group was 36.67% between weeks 0 to 4 and 26.67% between weeks 5 to 15, which was remarkably higher than that of treatment groups. There was no clinical poisoning symptoms when addition of vitamin D3 reached 3 200 IU·kg^-1. Compared with the controlled group, the daily gain and daily feed intake of geese aged 0 to 4 weeks weresignificantly increased by supplementation of 400 1U.kga vitamin D3 （P〈0.05）. Adding vitamin D3 could enhance the daily gain of geese aged 5 to 15 weeks significantly （P〈0.05）, but there was no significant difference among the treatment groups. Supplementation of 800 IU-kgl vitamin D3 could significantly improve the slaughter rate （P〈0.01） and significantly increase the half net carcass rate of geese aged 15 weeks （P〈0.05）. Adding vitamin D3 significantly affected the color of pectoral muscle （P〈 0,05）, BMD, bone weight, tibia calcium and tibia phosphorous of geese aged 4 weeks and BMD, bone weight and bone ash of geese aged 15 weeks were significantly improved by supplementation of vitamin D3（P〈0.05）. [Conclusion] Vitamin D3 plays a regulatory role in the growth performance, slaughter performance, carcass quality and tibia quality of geese. Osteomala

关 键 词：维生素D3 鹅 生产性能 屠宰性能 胴体品质 胫骨发育 

分 类 号：S835.5[农业科学—畜牧学]