要素密集度、议价能力与企业转型压力——基于我国沿海地区问卷数据的研究  

Factor Intensity,Bargaining Power and Transition Pressure of Chinese Enterprises——Based on Chinese Coastal Areas Questionnaire Data

作　　者：徐林清[1] 汪率 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学国际经济与贸易系

出　　处：《产经评论》2013年第2期69-80,共12页Industrial Economic Review

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"后危机时代全球分工发展趋势及其对我国经济发展的影响"(批准号:09AZD015;主持人张捷);广东省教育厅人文社会科学研究重大攻关项目"全球分工模式的演变与广东产业新的竞争优势培育研究"(批准号:10ZGXM79005;主持人刘德学)

摘　　要：只有当特定要素构成缺乏调整弹性时,企业的要素密集度才能构成对企业的威胁。目前发达地区多数中小企业面临更多的资金和技术的约束,因此越是资本密集型的企业对要素约束越敏感,以职工总数除以企业资本总额表示的企业要素密集度指标与企业的转型压力呈反方向变动。企业的议价能力是企业市场地位的综合反映,如果企业产品市场上有较为强势的地位和较强的议价能力,则其往往能够借助较好的盈利能力冲销要素市场的种种不利影响,保持在要素市场较好的弹性,因此较少面对转型压力。相反,如果企业在产品市场和要素市场同时缺乏议价能力,则企业的盈利空间会受到较大的压缩,意味着企业需要考虑采取转型战略。通过提高企业的技术水平、创新能力以及增加人力资本积累,可以有效减缓不良经济环境下企业转型的压力。The factor intensity of the enterprise poses a threat to the enterprise itself , only when the constitution of specific factor lacks of adjustment flexibility. Most small and medium enterprises face much more financial and technical constraints in the developed areas at present, so the more capital - intensive enterprises are, the more sensitive to the elements＇ constraint they are, and the element intensity of the enterprise indicator , which is represented by the total number of the employees/the total capital, changes in the opposite direction with the transition pressure. The bargaining power of the enterprise is a comprehensive reflection of the corporate market position, if the enterprise has a stronger position and a stronger bargaining power in the product market, it is often able to offset the adverse effects of the element market with the better profitability of the product market, and keeping in a better elasticity of the element market, it will face less transition pressure. On the contrary, if the enterprise lacks of the bargaining power both in the product market and element market, the corporate profit margins will be largely compressed, which means the company needs to consider to take the transition strategy. By improving the technological level, innovation, and increasing the accumulation of the human capital, these can effectively slow down the transition pressure in the adverse economic environment.

关 键 词：要素密集度 议价能力 企业转型 最优尺度回归 

分 类 号：F276[经济管理—企业管理]