法律职业者在“英国宪政革命”中的推动作用  

The Promotional Function of Legal Professionals during the "British Constitutional Revolution"

作　　者：李栋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院,副教授武汉430074

出　　处：《世界历史》2013年第2期85-94,161,共10页World History

基　　金：作者主持的国家社科基金(青年项目)"英国法治道路的国际经验借鉴研究"(批准号10CFX010)的阶段性成果;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2012031)

摘　　要：对于"英国宪政革命"成功的原因,大多数的研究从政治制度史的视角出发,将注意力集中在社会、经济、政治、宗教等因素的作用上。这些研究认为,英国中产阶级的崛起、议会与王权的斗争、财政税收的矛盾以及天主教可能复辟的危险等诸多因素都与"英国宪政革命"密切相关。很少有人从司法的角度研究英国宪政问题。英国法律职业者(律师)在1678年"排斥危机"后用实际行动同专制王权进行斗争,这些鲜活的法律人用点滴并富有责任感的行为推动着英国宪政史的前进。1689年"英国宪政革命"胜利的原因是多方面的,而英国法律职业者在推动"英国宪政革命"历程中的重要角色不可忽略。According to many studies on the success of 'British constitutional revolution',it was mostly analyzed from the perspective of political system history.These studies concentrated on the functions of social,economic,political and religious factors.They put forward that there was a close relationship between the multiple factors of the rise of British middle classes,of conflicts between parliament and royal rights,and of paradox of financial taxation as well as the possible risks of Catholic restoration,and 'British constitutional revolution'.Rare studies stood in the legal stance to discuss and analyze the Constitutional issues in Britain.The British legal professionals(lawyers) took actions after ' the Exclusive Crisis' in 1678 and fought against the autocratic monarchy.These passionate lawyers promoted the development of British constitutional history with different actions full of responsibility sense.In 1789, 'British constitutional revolution' was successful due to many reasons.The British legal professionals played a key role in its promotion.

关 键 词：英国宪政革命 法律职业者 专制王权 

分 类 号：D956.1[政治法律—法学] K561[历史地理—历史学]