相岭山系大熊猫的营养和能量对策  

Nutritive and energetic strategy of giant pandas in Xiangling Mountains

作　　者：何礼[1] 魏辅文[2] 王祖望[2] 冯祚建[2] 周昂[3] 唐平[3] 胡锦矗[3] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生物系,610064 [2]中国科学院动物研究所,北京100080 [3]四川师范学院生物系,南充637002

出　　处：《生态学报》2000年第2期177-183,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：1994年至 1 996年 ,在冕宁县冶勒自然保护区设点 ,对相岭山系大熊猫的营养和能量利用进行了研究。研究结果表明 ,该山系的大熊猫不仅能消化食物中的粗蛋白和粗脂肪 ,也能部分消化半纤维素。当以秆叶为食时 ,其粗蛋白、粗脂肪和半纤维素消化率分别为 61 .5%、50 .3 %和 2 3 .3 %;而当以竹笋为食时 ,消化率分别为 71 .9%、61 .5%和 2 9.6%;对竹笋中营养物质的利用率高于秆叶。由于不同季节食物组成、干物质摄入量和消化率不同 ,大熊猫每天从食物中摄取的能量各异 ,春季所获能量最低 ,为 1 72 2 2 .0 k J;夏秋季最高 ,为 2 83 2 9.4 k J;冬季介于其间 ,为 2 0 963 .5k J;约高于日能量支出1 4651～ 1 474 4kNutrition and energy use by giant pandas in Xiangling Mountains was studied in Yele Natural Reserve,Mianning County of Sichuan Province from 1994 to 1996.Results indicated that giant pandas digested not only crude protein and crude fat,but also partial hemicellulose.Digestibility for crude protein,crude fat and hemicellulose was 61.5%,50.3% and 23.3% respectively while they ate leaves and stems.The digestibility were 71.9%,61.5% and 29.6% respectively while they took bamboo shoots only.The digestibility for shoots was much higher than that for leaves and stems,because of a higher nutritional quality.Adult panda could obtain 17222.0 kJ daily in spring,28329.4 kJ in summer autumn and 20963.5 kJ in winter,which is just a little bit higher than the daily energy expenditure of 14651～16744 kJ

关 键 词：大熊猫 营养 能量 相岭山系 

分 类 号：S864[农业科学—野生动物驯养]