铬(Ⅲ)污染对土壤酶活性的影响  

Influence of Chromium(Ⅲ)Contamination on Soil Enzyme

作　　者：张瑞华[1] 孙会芳[2] 王蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学理学院,天津300457 [2]天津科技大学海洋科学与工程学院,天津300457

出　　处：《天津科技大学学报》2013年第2期19-22,27,共5页Journal of Tianjin University of Science & Technology

基　　金：天津科技大学引进人才科研启动基金资助项目(20070421);天津科技大学理学院科技创新课题

摘　　要：在实验室模拟条件下,研究3种铬(Ⅲ)染毒水平(0.2、1、5,g/kg)的土壤,在不同染毒时间(1、5、10、15、20,d)下,土壤过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、脲酶活性的变化,以期为铬(Ⅲ)污染土壤的环境风险评价、环境修复提供酶学指标.结果表明,铬(Ⅲ)的存在对土壤脲酶的活性总体起激活作用,但随染毒时间的延长活性逐渐降低.对碱性磷酸酶而言,3个染毒水平第1天均表现为抑制作用,且抑制程度与染毒水平成正比,其余染毒水平或染毒时间,表现为不规则的激活或抑制作用,到实验结束的20,d时,染毒土壤(1、5,g/kg)酶活性与未染毒土壤酶活性接近,表现出对铬(Ⅲ)具有一定的耐受性.过氧化氢酶的活性对铬(Ⅲ)的存在较为敏感,其活性与染毒水平(除1、5,d外)呈显著负相关,可考虑将过氧化氢酶的活性作为土壤铬(Ⅲ)污染评价和预测的生物监测指标..The effect of chromium （Ⅲ） on three soil enzymes, such as catalase, phosphatase and urease, were studied under simulated conditions so as to provide some fundamental information for enzymological assessment index of environmental risk evaluation and remediation. The activities of the three soil enzymes were detected in three degrees of chromium （Ⅲ） contaminated soil（0.2, 1,5 g/kg）and in different contaminated periods （1,5,10, 15,20 d）. The results indicate that chro- mium （Ⅲ） acts as an activator of urease most of the time, but the activity of urease reduces gradually with the increase of contamination time. The activity of phosphatase was restrained on the first day in all the three levels of contaminated soil, and the extent of restraint was closely related to the level of contamination. After that, the activity of phosphatase was accel- erated or restrained in different contaminated soil or contamination period. Phosphatase became tolerant of chromium （Ⅲ） when the experiment was over 20 days later, because the enzyme activity in the contaminated soil （1,5 g/kg） was close to that in the uncontaminated soil. Whereas, catalase was sensitive to chromium （Ⅲ）, and its activities showed a remarkably inverse correlation with contamination levels, so its catalase activity can be used as a primary biochemical parameter to evaluate and assess chromium （Ⅲ） contaminated soil.

关 键 词：土壤污染 铬污染 土壤酶 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]