工作场所安全氛围与工人吸烟行为的关系  

Relationships of workplace safety atmosphere with smoking behavior of manufacturing workers

作　　者：刘序华[1] 肖雅妮[1] 黄志雄[2] 黄绍斌[2] 曹晓鸥[2] 管东波[2] 陈维清[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学,广东广州501180 [2]佛山市南海区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2013年第2期18-21,27,共5页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：美国中华医学基金资助(CMB08-924)

摘　　要：目的探讨工作场所的安全氛围与工人吸烟行为的关系。方法应用自填式问卷,采用方便抽样方法,于2010年11月至2011年5月对佛山市南海区33家制造业企业男性一线生产工人进行调查,内容包括社会人口学特征、安全氛围等工作场所相关特征和吸烟行为等。采用多水平logistic回归分析安全氛围与吸烟行为的关系。结果共回收有效问卷3 326份,吸烟人数1 303人,吸烟率为39.2%;工人平均年龄(31.3±8.8)岁;婚姻状况以已婚者居多,占64.0%(1 999/3122);初中文化水平占多数,占57.4%(1 878/3 270);月收入水平以1 001～2 000者居多,占48.6%(1 559/3 208);33家被调查的企业安全氛围感知的4个维度中,安全警示语及安全防护措施、安全生产培训、管理者关注安全生产、同事关注安全生产得分均值分别为(7.36±0.72)分(满分为9分)、(10.21±0.85)分(满分为13分)、(7.69±0.76)分(满分为9分)、(4.71±0.24)分(满分为5分)。在控制年龄、婚姻、文化水平等因素后的多水平logistic回归分析发现,"安全警示语及安全防护措施"得分与工人吸烟呈负关联(OR=0.59),"安全生产培训"得分与工人吸烟呈正关联(OR=1.35);未发现"管理者关注生产安全"和"同事关注生产安全"与工人吸烟行为有关。结论工人吸烟行为受工作场所安全氛围的影响,提示在工作场所控烟时,要关注营造良好的安全生产氛围。Objective To explore the relationship of workplace safety atmosphere with smoking behavior of workers. Methods Using convenient sampling methods, male workers in 33 manufacturing en- terprises were surveyed by attributional style questionnaires during November 2010 to May 2011 in Nanhai District, Foshan City. The workers self-reported their workplace-related characteristics, including demo- graphic characteristic, safety atmosphere, and smoking behavior. Results A total of 3 326 valid question- naires were retrieved. Of them, 1 303 workers were smokers, with a smoking rate of 39. 2%, aged at （31.3 ± 8.8） years old. 64% （ 1 999/3 122） of them were married, 57.4% （ 1 878/3 270） with junior education, and 48.6% （1 559/3 208） had the income of 1 001 -2 000 Yuan/month. The mean scores of four dimensions of perception for security atmosphere, i. e. , ＂Safety warnings and protection＂ , ＂Safety training＂, ＂Managers＇ attitude towards safety＂ and ＂Colleagues＇ attitude towards safety＂, were （7.36 ± 0.72） （out of 9）, （10.21±0.85） （outofl3）, （7.69±0.76） （outofg）, （4.71 ±0.24） （out of S）, respectively in 33 surveyed enterprises. The multilevel logistic regression model was employed, adjusting for age, marital status, and education. The male workers with higher scores of ＂Safety warnings and protec tion＂ had lower smoking rate （ OR = 0. 59 ）. The workers with higher ＂Safety training＂ scores had higher smoking rate （ OR = 1.35 ）. Neither the ＂Managers＇ attitude toward safety＂ nor the ＂Colleagues＇ attitude toward safety＂ had statistical significant association with smoking behavior. Conclusion Smoking behavior was influenced by the workplace safety atmosphere, indicating that we should enhance the tobacco controlling among manufacturing workers through improving the safety atmosphere.

关 键 词：工作场所 安全氛围 吸烟 

分 类 号：R163.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]