人体胸廓骨骼三维有限元模型的构建及生物力学分析  

Establishment of a 3D Finite Element Model of Human Thoracic Cage and Biomechanical Analysis

作　　者：邵煜[1,2] 黄平[2] 李正东[2] 刘宁国[2] 万雷[2] 邹冬华[2] 陈忆九[2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学上海医学院法医学系,上海200032 [2]司法部司法鉴定科学技术研究所上海市法医学重点实验室,上海200063

出　　处：《法医学杂志》2013年第2期81-85,共5页Journal of Forensic Medicine

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAK16B02);国家自然科学基金面上项目(81273338);国家自然青年科学基金资助项目(81102300);上海市法医学重点实验室资助项目(12DZ2271500);复旦大学研究生创新基金资助

摘　　要：目的建立完整的人体胸廓骨骼三维有限元模型,并探索力作用变化趋势。方法对尸体胸部进行多层螺旋CT(multislice computed tomography,MSCT)扫描,使用有限元建模软件根据CT图像数据对胸廓骨性结构进行三维重建并生成有限元模型,模拟胸廓右季肋部遭受速度为4、6与8m/s的钝性物体正面击打,分析胸廓受击打后的应力、应变分布情况。结果成功构建解剖学高仿真度的人体胸廓有限元模型,模型体网格平均质量>0.7。生物力学分析结果显示胸廓受击打后发生局部弯曲及整体变形,应力与应变产生于初始打击部位肋骨,后沿肋骨向两侧传播,并于肋骨后侧及近胸骨处集中,6m/s与8m/s的打击速度可造成打击部位肋骨应变值超出相应强度极限,发生骨折。结论应用有限元建模分析软件能够建立符合真实情况的高质量的人体胸廓三维有限元模型,且模型可用于分析外力作用下胸廓骨性结构的应变趋势,为胸部损伤的致伤方式推断提供了新的途径和方法。Objective To establish a 3D finite element model of the complete human thoracic cage, and to perform a biomechanical analysis. Methods The multislice computed tomography （MSCT） images of human thorax were obtained and used to develop a 3D reconstruction and a finite element model of the thoracic cage by finite element modeling software. The right hypochondrium area of the model was sim- ulated to sustain the frontal impacts by a blunt impactor with velocities of 4, 6 and 8 m/s, and the dis- tribution of stress and strain after the impact of the model was analyzed. Results A highly anatomically simulated finite element model of human thoracic cage was successfully developed with a fine element mean quality which was above 0.7. The biomechanical analysis showed that the thoracic cage revealed both local bending and overall deformation after the impact. Stress and strain arose from the initial impact area of the ribs, and then spread along the ribs to both sides, at last concentrated in the posterior side of the ribs and near the sternum. Impacts with velocities of 6 m/s and 8 m/s were predicted to cause rib fractures when the strain of the ribs were beyond the threshold values. Conclusion The finite element modeling software is capable of establishing a highly simulated 3D finite element model of human tho- racic cage. And the established model could be applicable to analyze stress and strain distribution of the thoracic eaee under forces and to nrovide a new method for the forensic identification of chest injury.

关 键 词：法医病理学 生物力学 有限元分析 体层摄影术 螺旋计算机 胸廓 

分 类 号：R783.6[医药卫生—口腔医学]