学龄前儿童眼部生物学参数与屈光状态的相关性  

Correlation Between Ocular Biometric Parameters and Refraction in Preschool Children

作　　者：吴淑凤[1] 李海波[1] 刘晓坤[1] 常海英[1] 范会君 

机构地区：[1]河北省唐山市第三医院眼科,河北唐山063100

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2013年第4期457-459,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨学龄前儿童眼部生物学参数与屈光状态的相关性。方法纳入150例2~6岁学龄前儿童,以右眼为研究对象,分别检查右眼视力、眼底及注视性质,测量屈光状况;采用OCT检查测量黄斑体积、中心凹区最小厚度及平均厚度、9个区分别厚度及黄斑区平均厚度;并测量眼轴长度。比较各年龄段儿童等效球镜度及眼轴长度的差异、不同屈光状态儿童眼轴长度、黄斑体积及各区厚度,并分析其相关性。结果学龄前儿童屈光状态以远视为主（84.00%）。各年龄组儿童等效球镜度及眼轴长度差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。近视组眼轴长度显著大于正视组和远视组（P均〈0.05）,黄斑体积小于正视组和远视组（P均〈0.05）;正视组眼轴长度大于远视组（P〈0.05）。除中心凹最小厚度及平均厚度、内环鼻侧及下方外,近视组各视网膜厚度均较正视组和远视组低（P均〈0.05）;其他分区各组间差异无统计学意义（P均〉0.05）。黄斑体积与眼轴长度呈负相关（r=-0.530,P〈0.05）,与等效球镜度呈正相关（r=0.641,P〈0.05）;黄斑区平均厚度与眼轴长度无相关性（r=0.007,P〉0.05）,与等效球镜度亦无相关性（r=0.118,P〉0.05）。结论学龄前儿童等效球镜度及眼轴长度与年龄有关,随屈光度负增加,眼轴长度增加,黄斑体积减小,除中心凹、内环鼻侧及下方外的视网膜厚度减小。Objective To explore the relationship between ocular biometric parameters and refractive status in preschool children.Methods A total of 150 children aged 2-6 years were enrolled in this study,with right eyes as subjects.Each child had a right eye examination,including vision,fundus oculi and visual fixation,refraction.Optical coherence tomography(OCT) was used to measure macular volume,minimum and mean thicknesses in foveal region,macular thicknesses from all 9 regions and average thickness of macular region.And axial length was also measured.The difference between spherical equivalent and axial length in children with different ages was compared.The axial length,macular volume and macular thickness of each region in children with different refractions were also compared.And the relationship among the above-mentioned parameters was analyzed.Results Far-sighted children accounted for 84.00%(126/150).There were statistically significant differences in spherical equivalent and axial length among children with different ages(P<0.05).The axial length of short-sighted group was significantly larger than those of emmetropia group and far-sighted group(both P<0.05),while the macular volume of short-sighted group was smaller than those of the other two groups(both P<0.05).The axial length of emmetropia group was larger than far-sighted group(P<0.05).The macular retinal thicknesses of short-sighted group were all smaller than those of emmetropia group and far-sighted group except the minimum and mean thicknesses of foveal region and the thicknesses of nasal side and inferior part of inner ring(all P<0.05),no statistically significant difference was found in other regions among the three groups(all P>0.05).Macular volume was negatively correlated with axial length(r=-0.530,P<0.05),but positively correlated with spherical equivalent(r=0.641,P<0.05).The mean thickness of macular region had no correlation with axial length(r=0.007,P>0.05) and spherical equivalent(r=0.118,P>0.05).Conclusions The spherical equivalent and axial

关 键 词：屈光状态 黄斑 眼轴 学龄前儿童 

分 类 号：R779.7[医药卫生—眼科]