植物吸收、迁移和代谢有机污染物的机理及影响因素  

Uptake,Translocation and Metabolism of Organic Pollutants by Plants:Mechanisms and Affecting Factors

作　　者：林庆祺[1] 蔡信德[2] 王诗忠[1,3] 杨秀虹[1,3] 仇荣亮[1,3] 黄雄飞[1,3] 周文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学环境科学与工程学院,广州510275 [2]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广州510655 [3]广东省环境污染控制与修复技术重点实验室,广州510275

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2013年第4期661-667,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家环境保护公益科研专项(201109020);国家自然科学基金-广东联合基金重点项目(U0833004);国家自然科学基金项目(41001322);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(11lgpy98;12lgpy18)

摘　　要：植物对有机污染物在环境中的归趋行为具有重要影响。分析了植物吸收、迁移和代谢有机污染物的相关机理,重点介绍了植物根部和地上部对有机污染物吸收的过程及规律,指出利用脂质-水分配系数(Klip)代替辛醇-水分配系数(KOW),以及考虑植物碳水化合物的影响,可以更准确地评价植物对有机污染物的吸收能力;探讨了利用蒸腾流浓度因子(Transpiration stream concentration factor,TSCF)指示有机污染物从根部往地上部迁移能力的可行性及其相关研究进展;简要介绍了有机污染物在植物细胞内的代谢过程及所涉及的酶系;进而从加强吸收机理研究、考虑有机污染物的代谢和毒性、完善预测模型构建等方面对该研究领域进行了展望。Higher plants hold an important impact on the fates of organic pollutants in the environment. Plant uptake, accumulation and metabolism are key processes that affect movement and transformation of organic pollutants. In this paper, current progress on the main mechanisms of plant uptake, translocation and metabolism of organic pollutants was reviewed, with particular emphasis on uptake pathways by both roots and shoots. We pointed out that the use of lipid-water partition coefficient（K^p） instead of octanol-water partition coefficient （Kow） would give a more accurate evaluation on the uptake ability of plants, when the effects of plant carbonhydrate were concerned as well. Results from a new observation technology namely Two-photon excitation microscopy（TPEM ） suggested that apoplastic movement might be the dominant pathway for uptake of organic pollutants, especially for the highly hydrophobic ones. The feasibility of using transpiration stream concentration factor（TSCF） as an indicator of organic pollutants translocation from root to shoot was discussed. Although high translocation ability of moderately hydrophobic organic pollutants was mostly reported, new evidence indicated that highly soluble com- pounds might have similar results. Meanwhile, the metabolism pathways of organic pollutants in plants cells and the enzymes involved were also presented. Finally, the perspectives on uptake mechanisms, metabolism and phytotoxicity of organic pollutants in plant, and uptake models were put forward to develop this research areas.

关 键 词：植物 有机污染物 吸收 迁移 代谢 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]