近代和制汉字词生成过程中的经济原则探讨  

Embodiments of Language Economy Principles on Japanese-Coined Chinese Vocabulary

作　　者：周冲[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海金融学院

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2013年第2期31-37,共7页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

基　　金：上海市教委"上海高校选拔培养优秀青年教师科研专项基金:日制汉字词的创制规律研究"项目阶段性成果;项目编号820005

摘　　要：关于语言经济原则的研究和对和制汉字词的研究著述颇丰,但从经济原则的视角对近代和制汉字词进行的探讨却不多见。语言经济原则强调所用语言符号与所要传递的信息量之间的平衡。经济原则不仅存在于语用实践,也存在于语法、词汇和语篇形态。近代和制汉字词的生成是经济原则作用下的选择与被选择结果。近代和制汉字词所要表达的概念是既定的,其信息传递的效果要表意明晰。语言经济原则在其生成过程中的主要表现是语音的减缩、语义的凝缩、词形的短缩等三个方面,通过以音读汉字词(而不是假名或训读和语词)对译西学术语的途径实现,其目的是达到最佳相关,以最少的努力获取最佳的信息传递效果。There are many works on economy principles in language and Japanese-coined Chinese vocabulary, but studies of modem Japanese-coined Chinese vocabulary from the economy perspective are few. The economy principles in language stress the economy in the use of linguistic symbols and the balance between the information to be conveyed and the linguistic symbols. Economy principles in language apply in pragmatic practices as well as in grammar, vocabulary, discourse morphology and their development. Modem Japanese-coined Chinese vocabulary is the result of selecting. The meaning of modem Japanese-coined Chinese vocabulary is definite, and the information to be conveyed is transparent and clear. The embodiments of economy principles in language during their development present themselves in sound reduction, meaning condensation and form shortening. The Japanese-coined Chinese vocabulary is formed with terms translated from westem learning into a Japanese phonetic-reading of Chinese vocabulary instead of kana or a Japanese reading of Kanjl~ This process aims at the maximum relevance and the most possible information conveyance with the least effort.

关 键 词：近代和制汉字词 经济原则 语音减缩 语义凝缩 词形短缩 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语]