兔颈2后侧急性颈髓压迫模型的建立  

Model Establishment of Rabbit with Acute Compression of Cervical Spinal Cord

作　　者：孙长笈[1] 蔡贤华[2] 严华[2] 罗青林[1] 施力奇[2] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学研究生院,广东广州510515 [2]广州军区武汉总医院骨科

出　　处：《华南国防医学杂志》2013年第4期215-219,共5页Military Medical Journal of South China

基　　金：全军医学科学技术研究"十一五"计划攻关课题(08G031);武汉市高新技术产业发展行动计划攻关课题(201260523184)

摘　　要：目的测量兔颈2椎管解剖学数据并建立急性后侧颈髓压迫模型,为脊髓损伤机制研究提供实证参考。方法对8只日本大耳兔做第2颈椎解剖学研究,测量颈2椎管矢状径、后壁和棘突后缘的距离。将32只日本大耳兔随机分为4组,每组8只。无菌条件下显露颈2棘突,各组拧进椎管内螺钉0mm(A组)、1.0mm(B组)、1.5 mm(C组)、2.0mm(D组),致脊髓急性压迫,观察其不同受压程度下影像学、改良Tralov运动评分、神经电生理及病理学变化。结果影像学显示:B、C、D组椎管侵占率分别为(23.21±0.02)%、(33.61±0.01)%、(46.57±0.02)%。病理学显示:压迫组神经元细胞损伤数目越多,白质纤维脱髓鞘越重。术中颈髓施压后皮层体感诱发电位(cortical somatosensory e-voked potential,CSEP)示:B、C、D组脊髓损伤兔分别为1、5、8只,脊髓损伤样本量与压迫程度呈现同趋相关。Tralov评分中脊髓损伤兔均有行走缓慢、步态异常等运动功能障碍,D组最为严重。结论本实验中建立兔急性颈髓压迫模型的方法简单、规范,可为研究急性脊髓损伤病理生理机制及临床治疗提供模型。Objective To measure the anatomical data of the second cervical vertebrae of rabbits and establish a re- liable rabbit model of acute compression cervical spinal cord injury, and supply reference for the mechanism research. Methods The anatomical research of the second cervical of 8 rabbits was performed. The sagittal diameter of the second cervical and the distance between its back and the back of spinal were measured. Thirty-two rabbits were randomly and e- venly divided into four groups according to the depth of the screw inserted into the vertebrae,which was 0 mm （group A）, 1.0 mm （group B）, 1.5 mm （group C） and 2. 0 mm （group D）. The radiographic manifestation, the modified Tarlov be- havior testing scores, eleetroneurophysical and pathological changes were observed. Results The radiographic results indi- cated that the spinal cord invasion rate was （23.21 ＋ 0. 02） %, （33.61 ＋ 0. 01） ~ and （46. 57 ＋ 0. 02） ~ in groups B,C and D respectively. The pathological results indicated that the more the injured neurons, the severer the white matter fiber de- myelinated. The cortical somatosensory evoked potentials （CSEPs） during the operation indicated that 1,5 and 8 rabbits had spinal cord injury in group B, C and D, which was positively correlated with the compression degrees. The modified Tarlov behavior testing showed that, all rabbits in the model group presented with weakness of muscle power in their hind legs and motor abnormalities,which was most serious in group D. Conclusion The presented method is simple and stand- ardized to establish the rabbit model with acute compressed spinal cord injury, which can be applied to supply model for pathological and ohvsioloical research of acute sinal cord injury and clinical treatment.

关 键 词：脊髓 损伤 急性压迫 动物模型 兔 

分 类 号：R744[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]