黄曲霉毒素B_1对肉鸭生长、肝组织结构及免疫相关基因表达的影响  

Aflatoxin B1 Affects Growth,Liver Tissue Structure and Immune Related Gene Expression of Meat Ducklings

作　　者：吕武兴[1,2] 贺建华[1] 宋洪国[1] 刘敏敏[1] 金雪丽[1] 李俊波[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学动物科技学院,长沙410128 [2]唐人神集团研发中心,株洲412007

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2013年第4期812-818,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD26B03-5-2)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)对肉鸭生产性能、肝组织结构及免疫相关基因白细胞介素-2(IL-2)和干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)表达的影响。试验选用1日龄健康双鬼头肉鸭240羽,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复10羽。试验期4周(28 d),对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加50、100和150μg/kg AFB1纯品的试验饲粮,记录采食量和增重数据,计算生产性能;试验结束时屠宰,取肝脏样品,分别进行切片及实时荧光定量PCR检测分析。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加不同水平AFB1极显著降低了肉鸭的平均日增重和平均日采食量(P<0.01),与对照组相比,3个试验组肉鸭末重分别下降了14.67%(P<0.01)、30.38%(P<0.01)和31.83%(P<0.01),且100、150μg/kg AFB1还极显著增加了料重比(P<0.01),显著增加了死亡率(P<0.05);2)随着AFB1添加水平的增加,肉鸭肝脏组织病变程度逐渐增加,肝脏中IL-2和IFN-γ基因mRNA表达水平呈现不同程度的降低,其中100、150μg/kg AFB1极显著下调了IFN-γ基因mRNA的表达水平(P<0.01)。由此可见,饲粮中添加AFB1可导致肉鸭生产性能下降和肝脏组织结构损伤,并通过下调肝脏中IL-2和IFN-γ基因的表达,改变肉鸭机体的免疫水平。The objective of present study was to research the effects of aflatoxin B1 （AFB1） on the growth, liver tissue structure, and the expression of interleukin-2 （IL-2） and interferon-γ （IFN-γ） genes of meat ducklings. A total of 240 healthy Shuangguitou meat ducklings aged 1 day were randomly allotted to 4 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 10 ducklings in each replicate. The experiment was conducted for four weeks. The ducklings in control group were fed a basal diet, and those in test groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed the basal diet with 50, 100 and 150 μg/kg AFB1, respectively. The ducklings were weighed and the consumption of feed was calculated. At day 28, ducklings from each group were randomly sampled and slaughtered for determining pathological section and the expression of IL-2 and IFN-γ genes. The results showed as follows： 1） the supplementation of AFB1 significantly decreased average daily gain （ADG） and average daily feed intake （ADFI） of ducklings （P〈0.01）. Compared with the control group, the final body weight of test groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly decreased by 14.67% （P〈0.01）, 30.38% （P〈0.01） and 31.83% （P〈0.01）. The supplementation of 100 and 150 μg/kg AFB1 significantly increased feed/gain （F/G） （P〈0.01）, and significantly increased mortality （P〈0.05）. 2） With the increase of AFB1 supplemental level, the pathological changes in liver were more and more serious, and the mRNA expression of IL-2 and IFN-γ genes in liver was reduced to some degree, and the supplementation of 100 and 150 μg/kg AFB1 significantly decreased the mRNA expression of IFN-γ gene in liver （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, the supplementation of AFB1 can decrease performance and induce pathological changes in liver, and decrease the expression of IL-2 and IFN-γ genes in liver, and then cause the immunosuppression of ducklings.

关 键 词：黄曲霉毒素B1 生产性能 肝组织 白细胞介素-2基因 干扰素-γ基因 肉鸭 

分 类 号：S834[农业科学—畜牧学]