滇西北衙超大型金多金属矿床成因类型及成矿规律  

Genetic types and metallogenic regularity of Beiya superlarge gold-polymetallic deposit,northwestern Yunnan

作　　者：和中华[1] 周云满[1] 和文言[2] 苏纲生[1] 李万华[1] 杨绍文[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南黄金矿业集团股份有限公司,云南昆明650224 [2]中国地质大学地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室,地球科学与资源学院,北京100083

出　　处：《矿床地质》2013年第2期244-258,共15页Mineral Deposits

基　　金：国土资源部公益性行业专项"我国典型金属矿科学基地研究"(200911007);云南黄金矿业集团股份有限公司科研项目"滇西地区金多金属矿成矿规律及成矿系列研究"的联合资助

摘　　要：北衙金多金属矿床的找矿工作近年取得了重大突破,使金矿储量达到超大型矿床规模,共、伴生铅锌、银、铜、铁、硫矿也达到大-中型规模。对北衙矿床的成因类型和成矿规律的综合研究及地质勘查工作成果表明,矿床受控于喜马拉雅期富碱斑岩与T2b碳酸盐岩的内、外接触带,属于与喜马拉雅期富碱斑岩有关的矽卡岩-热液型金多金属矿床。矿床类型包括矽卡岩型、层间破碎带型(含硅-钙面型)、裂隙脉型以及表生作用形成的风化-堆积型。喜马拉雅期富碱斑岩是矿床形成最关键的控矿因素,以斑岩体为中心,从斑岩内部→接触带→外带→远程,成矿元素有从Cu-Au→Au-Cu-Fe→Au-Fe→Au-Fe-Pb→Pb-Ag的分带规律。北衙地区构造-岩浆-流体活动强烈,成矿物质来源丰富,矿化期次复杂且类型多样,成矿空间范围广,成矿地质条件优越,深部及外围仍具有巨大的找矿潜力。In recent years, the prospecting of the Beiya gold-polymetallic ore district has made important breakthrough through the study of metallogenic regularity. The Au reserves rank the superlarge class, while Zn, Pb, Ag, Cu, Fe reserves also rank the middle-large class. Based on data obtained from recent research and exploration, this paper discussed the genetic types and metallogenic regularity of the Beiya gold-polymetallic deposit. The Beiya deposit is located in the skarn contact zone between Himalayan alkali-rich porphyry and Triassic T2b carbonatite. In the orefield, the main kind of Beiya deposit is hydrothermal type related to Himalayan alkali-rich porphyry, and it can be subdivided into four types. There are skarn-type, breccia-type and vein-type. The subordinate kind of the Beiya deposit is the accumulated weathering gold ore type formed by hypergenesis. It includes two types： palaeo-weathering crust type and residual-diluvial type. The Himalayan alkali-rich porphyry is the most important ore-controlling factor. The main ore body is hosted in the skarn contact zone between the Himalayan alkali-rich porphyry and the Triassic carbonatite. The fracture zone in the porphyry and the interbedded and cracked fracture zones outside the porphyry are the secondary important locations of ore bodies. With the Wandongshan porphyry intrusion as the center, the ore-forming elements show metallogenetic zonation. From the interior of the porphyry intrusion through the contact zone and the outer zone outwards, there exists zoning of Cu-Au→Au-Cu-Fe→Au-Fe→Au-Fe-Pb→Pb-Ag correspondingly. Because of the strong magma-fluid-tectonic activities, the Beiya gold-polymetallic deposit has abundant sources of ore-forming materials, complicated ore-forming stages, various metallogenic types and wide ore-forming space. As a result, there is huge potential for prospecting in the depth and the outskirts of the Beiya gold-polymetallic deposit.

关 键 词：地质学 斑岩-矽卡岩型金多金属矿 成矿规律 成矿模式 滇西北衙 

分 类 号：P618.51[天文地球—矿床学]