某小学学生地震逃生自救教育效果评价  

Evaluation of health education about escaping and self-saving in an earthquake among primary school students

作　　者：王冰玉[1] 白文兴[1] 刘大锦[1] 张文晓[1] 刘清[1] 孙昕霙[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部公共卫生学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2013年第4期409-410,413,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：美国中华医学基金会(CMB)教育改革项目(05-816)

摘　　要：目的了解小学生地震逃生和自救知识的知晓情况,并对课堂教育效果进行评价,为制定合理干预措施提供理论依据。方法对方便抽取的北京市某小学四至五年级小学生112名开展地震逃生和自救知识的干预活动,通过即时评价和二次评价了解干预效果。结果干预前小学生选择地震时躲避在桌椅之间、床边、书桌旁为正确躲避地点的学生数分别占总人数的8.0%,14.3%和13.4%;现场情景模拟中,83人(72.8%)选择躲避在课桌下面。干预后即时和二次评价中多数题目知晓率均有提高,与干预前差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论通过切实可行的干预活动,可以提高小学生地震逃生与自救知识的掌握情况。Objective To know the awareness of escaping and self-saving in an earthquake among primary school students, to improve their awareness and behavior through class education and then to evaluate the effectiveness so that it can pro- vide bases for further intervention. Methods A class lecture was implemented among 112 pupils of grade 4 or 5 in a primary school in Beijing and questionnaire surveys were carried out before and after the education. Results Before the education, the per centage of choosing to stay between desks and chairs, beside the beds and beside the desks were 8.0% ,14.3% and 13.4% , re spectively. In the scene simulation, 83 pupils （72.8%） stayed under the desks. After the education, the awareness rates in- creased significantly and the awareness rates reached to more than 95%. Besides, the awareness rate of each question after the edu- cation is significantly higher than before （ P〈0.05 ）. Conclusion The knowledge and ability of escaping and self-saving can be improved through proper intervention among primary school students.

关 键 词：健康教育 结果评价(卫生保健) 学生 自然灾害 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学] P315.9[文化科学—教育技术学]