10437例住院脑血管病患者临床特征的性别差异分析  

Gender difference in 10 437 cerebrovascular disease patients

作　　者：彭超英[1] 孔令杰[1] 林海丽[2] 钱远宇[1] 孟庆义[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院急诊科,北京100853 [2]解放军总医院病案管理科,北京100853

出　　处：《中华老年心脑血管病杂志》2013年第5期505-508,共4页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart,Brain and Vessel Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81071585);科技部科技基础性工作专项项目(2006FY230300)

摘　　要：目的探讨性别差异与常见脑血管病发生、发展及预后的关系。方法回顾性分析了10 437例住院脑血管病患者的临床资料,对不同性别、年龄段患者的发病率、住院天数及死亡率进行统计分析。结果脑血管病住院患者男性构成比明显高于女性(67.4%vs 32.6%),且各年龄段男性构成比明显大于女性(P<0.01)。脑梗死、非外伤性脑出血、颅内动脉瘤3种最常见脑血管病男性中位发病年龄分别为65岁、56岁、48岁,小于女性67岁、58岁和51岁(P<0.01),仅颅内血管畸形男性中位发病年龄明显大于女性(30岁vs 27岁,P<0.01)。男性中位住院天数明显大于女性(P<0.01)。男女性患者总死亡率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),仅颅内动脉瘤(9.7%vs 2.9%)和颅内静脉窦血栓形成(41.3%vs 18.8%)2种疾病男性死亡率明显高于女性(P<0.01)。结论脑血管病临床特征存在性别差异,与女性比较,男性患者患病率高,发病年龄偏小,平均住院时间长,个别病种死亡率高。Objective To study the relation of gender deifference with occurrence, progress and prognosis of common cerebrovascular diseases. Methods Clinical data about 10437 cerebrovascu- lar disease patients were retrospectively analyzed, including their gender difference, morbidity, hospital stay time （days） and mortality. Results The proportion of male cerebrovascular patients was significantly higher than that of female cerebrovascular patients （67. 4% vs 32. 6%, P〈 0.01）. The median age of male cerebrovascular disease patients to develop cerebral infarction, non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage and aneurysm was younger than that of female cerebro- vascular patients （65,56 and 48 years vs 67,58 and 51 years, P〈0.01）. The median age of male cerebrovascular disease patients to develop intracranial vascular malformation was older than that of female cerebrovascular patients （30 years vs 27 years,P〈0.01）. The median hospital stay time （days） was longer in male cerebrovascular disease patients than in female cerebrovascular disease patients （P〈0.01）. No significant difference was found in the total mortality between male and female cerebrovascular disease patients （P〉0.05）. The mortality of male cerebrovascular disease patients with intracranial aneurysm and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis was significantly higher than that of female cerebrovascular disease patients with intracranial aneurysm and cerebral ve- nous sinus thrombosis （9.7 % vs 2.9 %,41.3 % vs 18.8 %, P〈0.01）. Conclusion Gender differ- ence exists in cerebrovaseular disease patients. The incidence of cerebrovascular diseases is high- er,the age to develop cerebrovascular diseases is younger,and the mean hospital stay time is lon- ger in males than in females. The mortality of certain specific cerebrovascular disease is high.

关 键 词：脑血管障碍 住院病人 性别因素 年龄因素 住院时间 发病率 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]