西安太阳总辐射时空变化特征及对城市发展的响应  

Characteristics of spatial and temporal variations of global solar radiation in Xi′an and relevant response in urban development

作　　者：张宏利 张纳伟锐 刘敏茹 金丽娜 张高健 樊亭丽 姚东升[3] 刘波[3] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省西安市气象局,西安710016 [2]中山大学地球科学系,广州510000 [3]陕西省防雷中心,西安710015

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第7期2304-2313,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(70901043);教育部人文社科基金(09YJC630130);全国统计科研计划项目(2011LY033);国家重大基础预研项目(2005CCA05300)

摘　　要：根据西安辐射站太阳总辐射资料和周围23个气象台站日照百分率资料,建立1961—2009年西安市太阳总辐射资料时间序列,运用模糊聚类分析法将全市分为3个区,采取滑动t检验法进行突变检验及阶段分析,研究西安太阳总辐射的时空分布及变化特征。同时引用西安历年城区人口数据,对城区太阳总辐射与城市发展进行了相关性分析。结果表明:西安太阳总辐射具有东部多、西部次之、中部少的分布特征;1961—2009年呈波段减少的变化趋势,线性倾向率为-2.01%/10a,其中1977—1991年为显著减少阶段,以中部减少幅度最大;其间出现两次突变,突变年分别为1977年及1992年;城市发展带来大气污染物的增加,造成西安城区太阳总辐射对城市发展有较大的响应,西安城市发展对太阳总辐射季节影响上表现为冬、夏季远大于春、秋季。Variations in the distribution of solar radiation on the earth surface can fundamentally alter characteristics of temperature, humidity, precipitation and atmospheric circulation, and are thus considered important indicators in the evaluation of climate change. All Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change （IPCC） Assessment Reports contain special chapters that illustrate how solar radiation variations have been used to indicate or deduce global climate change. Given the current global trend of energy intensity triggered by over-exploitation of fossil fuels and global warming caused by excessive greenhouse gas emissions, energy from solar radiation represents the cleanest form of energy that can be used directly by humans. Therefore, solar radiation is a priority within the area of research on natural energy resources. Xi＇an is the political, economical and cultural center of Shaanxi Province. The city is located at the center of the Central Shaanxi Plain. This location has the Weihe River to the north and the Qinling Mountains to the south. It has a total area of 10,108 square kilometers, an urban area of 369 square kilometers, and a population of over 8. 4346 million. Xi＇anwas one of the four great capital cities of the ancient Chinese civilization. Research on solar radiation in Xi＇ an and its impact involves data from only a single point, which were analyzed in the 1990s. This research was on natural resources in Northwest China. Therefore, there has been no systematic and in-depth investigation of solar radiation characteristics in the area around Xi＇an. According to data on global solar radiation from Xi＇an radiation stations along with percentage of sunshine data from 23 nearby national meteorological stations, this paper presents time series ofglobal solar radiation data from the period 1961 to 2009. We apply fuzzy cluster analysis methods to divide the city of Xi＇an into three sections-middle （section I）, eastern （ section II）, and western （ section III）. We use the sliding

关 键 词：西安 太阳总辐射 趋势 突变 城市发展 响应 

分 类 号：P422.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]