冬水田区杂交中稻高产组合的库源特征研究  

Studies on Sink-source Characteristics of Mid-season Hybrid Rice for High Yield in Winter Water Logged Field

作　　者：徐富贤[1] 阎运德 熊洪[1] 张林[1] 郭晓艺[1] 朱永川[1] 周兴兵[1] 刘茂[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所,四川泸州646000 [2]四川省泸县德胜镇农技站,四川泸县646100

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2013年第2期144-152,共9页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：公益性行业专项(201003016);粮食科技丰产工程(2011BAD16BO5-1);西南水稻创新体系建设;四川省学术带头人培养基金;四川省水稻育种攻关;四川省财政推广项目资助

摘　　要：以30个杂交中稻组合为材料,分别在3类冬水田(夏旱田、普通田和囤水田)种植下,研究了稻谷产量与库源性状的关系。结果表明,杂交中稻产量受稻田类型影响极大,30个杂交组合在不同稻田类型的产量变异趋势一致,筛选出7个杂交中稻组合在3类稻田均能获得高产。冬水田杂交中稻高产栽培的目标是在保证较高颖花量基础上,进一步提高结实率和千粒重。理论产量和产量潜力分别与穗粒数和库容充实度呈抛物线关系,在3类稻田均可获得高产的杂交中稻组合的库源特征:穗粒数160～200粒、最高苗332.98～360.98万/hm2、有效穗200.14～225.24万/hm2、结实率77.56%～82.38%、千粒重29.06～30.32 g、颖花量3.61～3.98朵/m2、叶面积指数5.69～6.59、粒叶比0.55～0.70朵/cm2、单穗重4.00～4.51 g。为水稻育种者鉴定高产组合和生产部门筛选适宜冬水田区不同类型稻田的品种提供了科学依据。Taking 30 mid-season hybrid rice combinations as material, the relationship between the grain yield and the sink-source characteristics of hybrid rice were researched in 3 types of winter water logged field （ drought field in summer, ordinary field and store paddy）, respectively. The results indicated that the yield of mid-season hybrid rice was greatly influenced by the types of paddy field. There was the same variation trend of grain yield for 30 mid-season hybrid rice combinations in 3 different types of paddy field. 7 hybrid rice combinations could get high yield in 3 types of winter water logged field. The high-yield goals in winter water logged field were to further increase seed setting percentage and 1 000-grain weight, on the basis of securing bigger number of spikelets per unit area. There were parabolas relationship between the theoratical grain yield and production potential, and spikelets per panicle, sink plumpness index, respectively. The high-yield combinations for winter water logged field had the following characteristics： 160 - 200 spikelets per panicle, maximum tillers 332.98 ×10^4 -360.98 × 10^4 per hm2, productive panicles 200.14 × 10^4 - 225.24 × 10^4 per hm2 , seed setting percentage 77.56% - 82.38% , 1000-grain weight 29.06 - 30.32 g, spikelets number 3.61 × 10^4 - 3.98 × 10^4 per/mE, leaf area index 5.69 - 6.59, spikelet number tO leaf area ratio 0.55 ~ 0.70 spikelet/cm2 , single ear weight 4.00 -4.51 g. These results provide a scientific basis for rice breeders to identify high yield combination, and production sections to screen riee varieties suitable to grow in different types of paddy fields in winter water logged field areas.

关 键 词：冬水田 杂交中稻 高产组合 库源特征 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]